{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T17:17:44Z","timestamp":1773422264846,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The predominant neurobiological model of working memory (WM) posits that stimulus information is stored via stable, elevated activity within highly selective neurons. On the basis of this model, which we refer to as the canonical model, the storage of stimulus information is largely associated with lateral PFC (lPFC). A growing number of studies describe results that cannot be fully explained by the canonical model, suggesting that it is in need of revision. In this study, we directly tested key elements of the canonical model. We analyzed fMRI data collected as participants performed a task requiring WM for faces and scenes. Multivariate decoding procedures identified patterns of activity containing information about the items maintained in WM (faces, scenes, or both). Although information about WM items was identified in extrastriate visual cortex (EC) and lPFC, only EC exhibited a pattern of results consistent with a sensory representation. Information in both regions persisted even in the absence of elevated activity, suggesting that elevated population activity may not represent the storage of information in WM. Additionally, we observed that WM information was distributed across EC neural populations that exhibited a broad range of selectivity for the WM items rather than restricted to highly selective EC populations. Finally, we determined that activity patterns coding for WM information were not stable, but instead varied over the course of a trial, indicating that the neural code for WM information is dynamic rather than static. Together, these findings challenge the canonical model of WM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,6]],"date-time":"2014-01-06T14:49:02Z","timestamp":1389019742000},"page":"1141-1153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Distributed and Dynamic Storage of Working Memory Stimulus Information in Extrastriate Cortex"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Kartik K.","family":"Sreenivasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of California, Berkeley"},{"name":"2New York University Abu Dhabi"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Vytlacil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of California, Berkeley"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"D'Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of California, Berkeley"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021073000420611300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80546-2","article-title":"An area within human ventral cortex sensitive to \u201cbuilding\u201d stimuli: Evidence and implications.","volume":"21","author":"Aguirre","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2680","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp037","article-title":"Distracters impair and create working memory-related neuronal activity in the prefrontal cortex.","volume":"19","author":"Artchakov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00597-X","article-title":"Dynamics of population code for working memory in the prefrontal cortex.","volume":"40","author":"Baeg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3170","article-title":"The neuroimaging signal is a linear sum of neurally distinct stimulus- and task-related components.","volume":"15","author":"Cardoso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00187","article-title":"Goal-directed attention alters the tuning of object-based representations in extrastriate cortex.","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12983","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0184-12.2012","article-title":"Decoding the contents of visual short-term memory from human visual and parietal cortex.","volume":"32","author":"Christophel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R7","article-title":"Correspondence between stimulus encoding- and maintenance-related neural processes underlies successful working memory.","author":"Cohen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1038\/386608a0","article-title":"Transient and sustained activity in a distributed neural system for human working memory.","volume":"386","author":"Courtney","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00049-1","article-title":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) \u201cbrain reading\u201d: Detecting and classifying distributed patterns of fMRI activity in human visual cortex.","volume":"19","author":"Cox","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1006\/cbmr.1996.0014","article-title":"AFNI: Software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages.","volume":"29","author":"Cox","year":"1996","journal-title":"Computers and Biomedical Research"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11640","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0954-10.2010","article-title":"Rapid sequences of population activity patterns dynamically encode task-critical spatial information in parietal cortex.","volume":"30","author":"Crowe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2010.03.006","article-title":"Beyond working memory: The role of persistent activity in decision making.","volume":"14","author":"Curtis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2012.08.058","article-title":"Neuronal circuits underlying persistent representations despite time varying activity.","volume":"22","author":"Druckmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6516","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5732-12.2013","article-title":"Distributed patterns of activity in sensory cortex reflect the precision of multiple items maintained in visual short-term memory.","volume":"33","author":"Emrich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1038\/33402","article-title":"A cortical representation of the local visual environment.","volume":"392","author":"Epstein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00357","article-title":"A neural measure of precision in visual working memory.","volume":"25","author":"Ester","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15258","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4388-09.2009","article-title":"Spatially global representations in human primary visual cortex during working memory maintenance.","volume":"29","author":"Ester","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.06.036","article-title":"fMR-adaptation reveals a distributed representation of inanimate objects and places in human visual cortex.","volume":"28","author":"Ewbank","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1126\/science.291.5502.312","article-title":"Categorical representation of visual stimuli in the primate prefrontal cortex.","volume":"291","author":"Freedman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science (New York, NY)"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5235","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-12-05235.2003","article-title":"A comparison of primate prefrontal and inferior temporal cortices during visual categorization.","volume":"23","author":"Freedman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1989.61.2.331","article-title":"Mnemonic coding of visual space in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.","volume":"61","author":"Funahashi","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1973.36.1.61","article-title":"Unit activity in prefrontal cortex during delayed-response performance: Neuronal correlates of transient memory.","volume":"36","author":"Fuster","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00285-9","article-title":"The prefrontal cortex\u2014An update: Time is of the essence.","volume":"30","author":"Fuster","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1126\/science.173.3997.652","article-title":"Neuron activity related to short-term memory.","volume":"173","author":"Fuster","year":"1971","journal-title":"Science (New York, NY)"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90689-4","article-title":"Functional interactions between inferotemporal and prefrontal cortex in a cognitive task.","volume":"330","author":"Fuster","year":"1985","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900562165","article-title":"The fusiform \u201cface area\u201d is part of a network that processes faces at the individual level.","volume":"12","author":"Gauthier","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929053279522","article-title":"Top\u2013down enhancement and suppression of the magnitude and speed of neural activity.","volume":"17","author":"Gazzaley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90304-6","article-title":"Cellular basis of working memory.","volume":"14","author":"Goldman-Rakic","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.01.055","article-title":"Multi-voxel pattern analysis of selective representation of visual working memory in ventral temporal and occipital regions.","volume":"73","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3455-12.2013","article-title":"Short-term plasticity explains irregular persistent activity in working memory tasks.","volume":"33","author":"Hansel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07832","article-title":"Decoding reveals the contents of visual working memory in early visual areas.","volume":"458","author":"Harrison","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1063736","article-title":"Distributed and overlapping representations of faces and objects in ventral temporal cortex.","volume":"293","author":"Haxby","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science (New York, NY)"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1931","article-title":"Decoding mental states from brain activity in humans.","volume":"7","author":"Haynes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.3758\/CABN.4.4.517","article-title":"The role of prefrontal cortex in resolving distractor interference.","volume":"4","author":"Jha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900564091","article-title":"The influence of memory load upon delay-interval activity in a working-memory task: An event-related functional MRI study.","volume":"12(Suppl. 2)","author":"Jha","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.11.007","article-title":"Analyses of regional-average activation and multivoxel pattern information tell complementary stories.","volume":"50","author":"Jimura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4302","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-11-04302.1997","article-title":"The fusiform face area: A module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception.","volume":"17","author":"Kanwisher","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.06.004.2008","article-title":"Representational similarity analysis\u2014Connecting the branches of systems neuroscience.","author":"Kriegeskorte","year":"2008","journal-title":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1971.34.3.337","article-title":"Prefrontal cortical unit activity and delayed alternation performance in monkeys.","volume":"34","author":"Kubota","year":"1971","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3452","article-title":"Goal-dependent dissociation of visual and prefrontal cortices during working memory.","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl116","article-title":"Attentional modulation of object representations in working memory.","volume":"17","author":"Lepsien","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00105.2011","article-title":"Mapping brain activation and information during category-specific visual working memory.","volume":"107","author":"Linden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06976","article-title":"What we can do and what we cannot do with fMRI.","volume":"453","author":"Logothetis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.09.032","article-title":"Transient dynamics versus fixed points in odor representations by locust antennal lobe projection neurons.","volume":"48","author":"Mazor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i70","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm063","article-title":"Persistent discharges in the prefrontal cortex of monkeys naive to working memory tasks.","volume":"17(Suppl. 1)","author":"Meyer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.90248.2008","article-title":"Dynamic population coding of category information in inferior temporal and prefrontal cortex.","volume":"100","author":"Meyers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.167","article-title":"An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function.","volume":"24","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5154","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-16-05154.1996","article-title":"Neural mechanisms of visual working memory in prefrontal cortex of the macaque.","volume":"16","author":"Miller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1962197","article-title":"A neural mechanism for working and recognition memory in inferior temporal cortex.","volume":"254","author":"Miller","year":"1991","journal-title":"Science (New York, NY)"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01460.1993","article-title":"Activity of neurons in anterior inferior temporal cortex during a short-term memory task.","volume":"13","author":"Miller","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1150769","article-title":"Synaptic theory of working memory.","volume":"319","author":"Mongillo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science (New York, NY)"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.07.005","article-title":"Beyond mind-reading: Multi-voxel pattern analysis of fMRI data.","volume":"10","author":"Norman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R53","first-page":"948","article-title":"Removing irrelevant information from working memory: A cognitive aging study with the modified Sternberg task.","volume":"27","author":"Oberauer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2007.12.022","article-title":"The role of early visual cortex in visual short-term memory and visual attention.","volume":"49","author":"Offen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929053467550","article-title":"Partially distributed representations of objects and faces in ventral temporal cortex.","volume":"17","author":"O'Toole","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.11.007","article-title":"Machine learning classifiers and fMRI: A tutorial overview.","volume":"45(1 Suppl.)","author":"Pereira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00817-6","article-title":"Neural correlates of visual working memory: fMRI amplitude predicts task performance.","volume":"35","author":"Pessoa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7496","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-19-07496.2000","article-title":"Dissociable roles of mid-dorsolateral prefrontal and anterior inferotemporal cortex in visual working memory.","volume":"20","author":"Petrides","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3917","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5053-03.2004","article-title":"Inferior temporal, prefrontal, and hippocampal contributions to visual working memory maintenance and associative memory retrieval.","volume":"24","author":"Ranganath","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12990","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1892-12.2012","article-title":"The relationship between working memory storage and elevated activity as measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging.","volume":"32","author":"Riggall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12160","article-title":"The importance of mixed selectivity incomplex cognitive tasks.","volume":"497","author":"Rigotti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1038\/nn846","article-title":"Active maintenance in prefrontal area 46 creates distractor-resistant memory.","volume":"5","author":"Sakai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5098","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5330-05.2006","article-title":"Sustained activity in topographic areas of human posterior parietal cortex during memory-guided saccades.","volume":"26","author":"Schluppeck","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2009.02276.x","article-title":"Stimulus-specific delay activity in human primary visual cortex.","volume":"20","author":"Serences","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.01.021","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation reveals the content of visual short-term memory in the visual cortex.","volume":"50","author":"Silvanto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R67","article-title":"Revisiting the role of persistent neural activity in working memory.","author":"Sreenivasan","year":"","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Science"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.01.039","article-title":"Dynamic coding for cognitive control in prefrontal cortex.","volume":"78","author":"Stokes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000073","article-title":"Short-term memory trace in rapidly adapting synapses of inferior temporal cortex.","volume":"4","author":"Sugase-Miyamoto","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Computational Biology"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8316836","article-title":"Dissociation of object and spatial processing domains in primate prefrontal cortex.","volume":"260","author":"Wilson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science (New York, NY)"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10301","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3754-12.2013","article-title":"Decoding working memory of stimulus contrast in early visual cortex.","volume":"33","author":"Xing","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.08.024","article-title":"Differential effects of distraction during working memory on delay-period activity in the prefrontal cortex and the visual association cortex.","volume":"29","author":"Yoon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1997.0279","article-title":"A trial-based experimental design for fMRI.","volume":"6","author":"Zarahn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021073000420611300_R74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(98)00029-9","article-title":"Temporal isolation of the neural correlates of spatial mnemonic processing with fMRI.","volume":"7","author":"Zarahn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cognitive Brain Research"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/26\/5\/1141\/1947353\/jocn_a_00556.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/26\/5\/1141\/1947353\/jocn_a_00556.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T00:49:43Z","timestamp":1627606183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article\/26\/5\/1141\/28123\/Distributed-and-Dynamic-Storage-of-Working-Memory"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn_a_00556","relation":{},"ISSN":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0898-929X","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-8898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]}}}