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Recent theoretical and experimental work suggest that this classic distinction between behaviorally and neurally dissociable systems for habitual and goal-directed (or more generally, automatic and controlled) choice may arise from two computational strategies for reinforcement learning (RL), called model-free and model-based RL, but the cognitive or computational processes by which one system may dominate over the other in the control of behavior is a matter of ongoing investigation. To elucidate this question, we leverage the theoretical framework of cognitive control, demonstrating that individual differences in utilization of goal-related contextual information\u2014in the service of overcoming habitual, stimulus-driven responses\u2014in established cognitive control paradigms predict model-based behavior in a separate, sequential choice task. The behavioral correspondence between cognitive control and model-based RL compellingly suggests that a common set of processes may underpin the two behaviors. In particular, computational mechanisms originally proposed to underlie controlled behavior may be applicable to understanding the interactions between model-based and model-free choice behavior.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]],"date-time":"2014-08-29T13:16:36Z","timestamp":1409318196000},"page":"319-333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["Cognitive Control Predicts Use of Model-based Reinforcement Learning"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"A. 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