{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T01:47:16Z","timestamp":1768700836864,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Shifting attention from one color to another color or from color to another feature dimension such as shape or orientation is imperative when searching for a certain object in a cluttered scene. Most attention models that emphasize feature-based selection implicitly assume that all shifts in feature-selective attention underlie identical temporal dynamics. Here, we recorded time courses of behavioral data and steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs), an objective electrophysiological measure of neural dynamics in early visual cortex to investigate temporal dynamics when participants shifted attention from color or orientation toward color or orientation, respectively. SSVEPs were elicited by four random dot kinematograms that flickered at different frequencies. Each random dot kinematogram was composed of dashes that uniquely combined two features from the dimensions color (red or blue) and orientation (slash or backslash). Participants were cued to attend to one feature (such as color or orientation) and respond to coherent motion targets of the to-be-attended feature. We found that shifts toward color occurred earlier after the shifting cue compared with shifts toward orientation, regardless of the original feature (i.e., color or orientation). This was paralleled in SSVEP amplitude modulations as well as in the time course of behavioral data. Overall, our results suggest different neural dynamics during shifts of attention from color and orientation and the respective shifting destinations, namely, either toward color or toward orientation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,22]],"date-time":"2015-12-22T16:20:51Z","timestamp":1450801251000},"page":"643-655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Early Visual Cortex Dynamics during Top\u2013Down Modulated Shifts of Feature-Selective Attention"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Matthias M.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of Leipzig"}]},{"given":"Mireille","family":"Trautmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of Leipzig"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Keitel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2University of Glasgow"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021073020574366300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-5597(93)90011-D","article-title":"Electrophysiological studies of color processing in human visual cortex","volume":"88","author":"Allison","year":"1993","journal-title":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2009.21328","article-title":"Effects of feature-selective and spatial attention at different stages of visual processing","volume":"23","author":"Andersen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13878","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002436107","article-title":"Behavioral performance follows time-course of neural facilitation and suppression during cued shifts of feature-selective attention","volume":"107","author":"Andersen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A."},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9912","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5268-14.2015","article-title":"Attentional selection of feature conjunctions is accomplished by parallel and independent selection of single features","volume":"35","author":"Andersen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9912","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5268-14.2015","article-title":"Attentional selection of feature conjunctions is accomplished by parallel and independent selection of single features","volume":"35","author":"Andersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2005.11.017","article-title":"The temporal order of binding visual attributes","volume":"46","author":"Bartels","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.09.042","article-title":"Receptive field size-dependent attention effects in simultaneously presented stimulus displays","volume":"30","author":"Bles","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13992","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3577-09.2009","article-title":"Decoding and reconstructing color from responses in human visual cortex","volume":"29","author":"Brouwer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907658106","article-title":"A backward progression of attentional effects in the ventral stream","volume":"107","author":"Buffalo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A."},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1162\/089892999563229","article-title":"Cortical regions associated with perceiving, naming, and knowing about color","volume":"11","author":"Chao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2360050","article-title":"Attentional modulation of neural processing of shape, color, and velocity in humans","volume":"248","author":"Corbetta","year":"1990","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009","article-title":"EEGLAB: An open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis","volume":"134","author":"Delorme","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R13","first-page":"835","article-title":"Visual properties of neurons in area V4 of the macaque: Sensitivity to stimulus form","volume":"57","author":"Desimone","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20276","article-title":"Spatiotemporal analysis of the cortical sources of the steady-state visual evoked potential","volume":"28","author":"Di Russo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.113.4.501","article-title":"Selective attention and the organization of visual information","volume":"113","author":"Duncan","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.96.3.433","article-title":"Visual search and stimulus similarity","volume":"96","author":"Duncan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12050","article-title":"The \u201cred-alert\u201d effect in visual search: Evidence from human electrophysiology","volume":"50","author":"Fortier-Gauthier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03205479","article-title":"Searching for unknown feature targets on more than one dimension: Investigating a \u201cdimension-weighting\u201d account","volume":"58","author":"Found","year":"1996","journal-title":"Perception & Psychophysics"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R19","first-page":"968","article-title":"Dimension-based attention modulates early visual processing","volume":"47","author":"Gramann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhi003","article-title":"Orientation and direction selectivity of neurons in V1 of alert monkeys: Functional relationships and laminar distributions","volume":"15","author":"Gur","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1038\/681","article-title":"Retinotopy and color sensitivity in human visual cortical area V8","volume":"1","author":"Hadjikhani","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/372543a0","article-title":"Combined spatial and temporal imaging of brain activity during visual selective attention in humans","volume":"372","author":"Heinze","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37186","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037186","article-title":"Selective attention to task-irrelevant emotional distractors is unaffected by the perceptual load associated with a foreground task","volume":"5","author":"Hindi Attar","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1968.sp008455","article-title":"Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey striate cortex","volume":"195","author":"Hubel","year":"1968","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology-London"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1038\/86061","article-title":"The spatial transformation of color in the primary visual cortex of the macaque monkey","volume":"4","author":"Johnson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00212","article-title":"Time courses of attentional modulation in neural amplification and synchronization measured with steady-state visual-evoked potentials","volume":"24","author":"Kashiwase","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5386.108","article-title":"Mechanisms of directed attention in the human extrastriate cortex as revealed by functional MRI","volume":"282","author":"Kastner","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.86.3.1398","article-title":"Modulation of sensory suppression: Implications of receptive field sizes in the human visual cortex","volume":"86","author":"Kastner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80734-5","article-title":"Increased activity in human visual cortex during directed attention in the absence of visual stimulation","volume":"22","author":"Kastner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.23.1.315","article-title":"Mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex","volume":"23","author":"Kastner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(01)00116-6","article-title":"The neural basis of biased competition in human visual cortex","volume":"39","author":"Kastner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs084","article-title":"Independent effects of attentional gain control and competitive interactions on visual stimulus processing","volume":"23","author":"Keitel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R32","first-page":"801","article-title":"Visual search for dimensionally redundant pop-out targets: Redundancy gains in compound tasks","volume":"9","author":"Krummenacher","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.10.031","article-title":"Exploratory EEG data analysis for psychophysiological experiments","volume":"21","author":"Marroquin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(00)00267-4","article-title":"Putting spatial attention on the map: Timing and localization of stimulus selection processes in striate and extrastriate visual areas","volume":"41","author":"Martinez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.83.3.1751","article-title":"Attention to both space and feature modulates neuronal responses in macaque area V4","volume":"83","author":"McAdams","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1997.0056","article-title":"A direct demonstration of perceptual asynchrony in vision","volume":"264","author":"Moutoussis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R37","first-page":"1","article-title":"Attentional capture by salient color singleton distractors is modulated by top\u2013down dimensional set","volume":"35","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03211845","article-title":"Visual search for singleton feature targets within and across feature dimensions","volume":"57","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"1995","journal-title":"Perception & Psychophysics"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R39","first-page":"490","article-title":"Locus of dimension weighting: Preattentive or postselective?","volume":"14","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychology Press"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1080\/13506280500527676","article-title":"Visual search and selective attention","volume":"14","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Visual Cognition"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R41","first-page":"1332","article-title":"Dimension-based visual attention modulates dual-judgment accuracy in Duncan's (1984) one- versus two-object paradigm","volume":"26","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R42","first-page":"10211035","article-title":"Visual search for singleton feature targets across dimensions: Stimulus- and expectancy-driven effects in dimensional weighting","volume":"29","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2007.11.003","article-title":"Location and features of instructive spatial cues do not influence the time course of covert shifts of visual spatial attention","volume":"77","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01190385","article-title":"Magnetoencephalographic recording of steady-state visual evoked cortical activity","volume":"9","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Topography"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1038\/2865","article-title":"The time course of cortical facilitation during cued shifts of spatial attention","volume":"1","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1137\/1109020","article-title":"On estimating regression","volume":"9","author":"Nadaraya","year":"1964","journal-title":"Theory of Probability and Its Applications"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2010.07.015","article-title":"FASTER: Fully automated statistical thresholding for EEG artifact rejection","volume":"192","author":"Nolan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/00335558008248231","article-title":"Orienting of attention","volume":"32","author":"Posner","year":"1980","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.03.011","article-title":"Toward a unified theory of visual area V4","volume":"74","author":"Roe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2009.00934.x","article-title":"Simplifying jackknifing of ERPs and getting more out of it: Retrieving estimates of participants' latencies","volume":"47","author":"Smulders","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)01814-2","article-title":"Neural correlates of attention in primate visual cortex","volume":"24","author":"Treue","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/21176","article-title":"Feature-based attention influences motion processing gain in macaque visual cortex","volume":"399","author":"Treue","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/12.6.647","article-title":"The organization of orientation selectivity throughout macaque visual cortex","volume":"12","author":"Vanduffel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(01)00160-2","article-title":"Colour, form, and movement are not perceived simultaneously","volume":"41","author":"Viviani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00035-7","article-title":"Representation of color stimuli in awake macaque primary visual cortex","volume":"37","author":"Wachtler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.62.001508","article-title":"Comparison of four methods of heterochromatic photometry","volume":"62","author":"Wagner","year":"1972","journal-title":"Journal of the Optical Society of America"},{"key":"2021073020574366300_R57","volume-title":"A vision of the brain","author":"Zeki","year":"1993","edition":"1st ed."}],"container-title":["Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/28\/4\/643\/1950219\/jocn_a_00912.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/28\/4\/643\/1950219\/jocn_a_00912.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T00:56:50Z","timestamp":1627693010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article\/28\/4\/643\/28475\/Early-Visual-Cortex-Dynamics-during-Top-Down"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn_a_00912","relation":{},"ISSN":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0898-929X","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-8898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]}}}