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In a subsequent recognition task, memory performance of participants receiving intentional encoding instructions was higher compared with those receiving incidental encoding instructions. Furthermore, participants remembered more items than associations, regardless of encoding instruction. Greater brain activation in the left anterior hippocampus was observed for intentionally compared with incidentally encoded associations, although activity in this region was not modulated by the type of instruction for encoded items. Furthermore, greater activity in the left anterior hippocampus and left IFG was observed during intentional associative compared with item encoding. The same regions were related to subsequent memory of intentionally encoded associations and were thus task relevant. Similarly, connectivity of the anterior hippocampus to the right superior temporal lobe and IFG was uniquely linked to subsequent memory of intentionally encoded associations. Our study demonstrates the differential involvement of anterior hippocampus in intentional relative to incidental associative encoding. This finding likely reflects that the intent to remember triggers a specific binding process accomplished by this region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,19]],"date-time":"2016-10-19T18:27:17Z","timestamp":1476901637000},"page":"545-559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Differential Effects of Encoding Instructions on Brain Activity Patterns of Item and Associative Memory"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Nina","family":"Becker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Otto Hahn Group on Associative Memory, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"2Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Gr\u00e9goria","family":"Kalpouzos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Erika J.","family":"Laukka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Brehmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Otto Hahn Group on Associative Memory, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"2Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021073021065267100_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929053467578","article-title":"Neural correlates of memory for items and for associations: An 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