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As in most budding fields, there are still considerable inconsistencies across methodologies and results, as well as a lack of consensus on a comprehensive assessment protocol. We propose that the success of training-based therapeutics will rely on targeting specific cognitive functions, informed by comprehensive and sensitive batteries that can provide a \u201cfingerprint\u201d of an individual's abilities. Instead of expecting a panacea from training regimens, focused and personalized training interventions that accommodate individual differences should be developed to redress specific patterns of deficits in cognitive rehabilitation, both in healthy aging and in disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,29]],"date-time":"2016-11-29T13:34:47Z","timestamp":1480426487000},"page":"1473-1482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Cognitive Training in the Elderly: Bottlenecks and New Avenues"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Nahid","family":"Zokaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"MacKellar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giedr\u0117","family":"\u010cepukaityt\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva Zita","family":"Patai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Christina","family":"Nobre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021073021103600600_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019277","article-title":"Use it or lose it? 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