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Here, we address this question by investigating the neural dynamics of serial dependence using a recently developed technique that allowed a reactivation of hidden memory states. Participants performed a numerosity discrimination task during EEG recording, with task-relevant dot array stimuli preceded by a task-irrelevant stimulus inducing serial dependence. Importantly, the neural network storing the representation of the numerosity stimulus was perturbed (or pinged) so that the hidden states of that representation can be explicitly quantified. The results first show that a neural signature of serial dependence emerges early in the brain signals, starting soon after stimulus onset. Critical to the central question, the pings at a later latency could successfully reactivate the biased representation of the initial stimulus carrying the signature of serial dependence. These results provide one of the first pieces of empirical evidence that the biased neural representation of a stimulus initially induced by serial dependence is preserved throughout a relatively long period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T15:20:46Z","timestamp":1569597646000},"page":"141-154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Neural Dynamics of Serial Dependence in Numerosity Perception"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Michele","family":"Fornaciai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joonkoo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021072107050751000_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alais,  D., Leung,  J., & Van der Burg,  E. 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