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We examined this question using a newly developed moving dots flanker task. We combine decomposition methods of EEG data and source localization. We show that perceptual processes modulate the CSE and can be isolated in neurophysiological signals, especially in the N2 ERP time window. However, mechanisms relating perception to action are also coded and modulated in this time window. We show that middle frontal regions (BA 6) are associated with processes dealing with purely perceptual processes. Inferior frontal regions (BA 45) are associated with processes dealing with stimulus\u2013response transition processes. Likely, the neurophysiological modulations reflect unbinding processes at the perceptual level, and stimulus\u2013response translation level needed to respond correctly on the presented (changed) stimulus\u2013response relationships. The data establish a direct relationship between psychological concepts focusing on perceptual processes during conflict monitoring and neurophysiological processes using signal decomposition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T16:29:50Z","timestamp":1584030590000},"page":"1381-1393","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["EEG Signal Decomposition Evidence for a Role of Perceptual Processes during Conflict-related Behavioral Adjustments in Middle Frontal Regions"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Nico","family":"Adelh\u00f6fer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TU Dresden"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Beste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TU Dresden"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022042815222765000_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adelh\u00f6fer,  N., Chmielewski,  W. 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