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However, the elements that constitute the event\u2014the location, the people present, and their actions and goals\u2014might be shared with numerous other similar events. Does the brain preferentially represent certain elements of a remembered event? If so, which elements dominate its neural representation: those that are shared across similar events, or the novel elements that define a specific event? We addressed these questions by using a novel experimental paradigm combined with fMRI. Multiple events were created involving conversations between two individuals using the format of a television chat show. Chat show \u201chosts\u201d occurred repeatedly across multiple events, whereas the \u201cguests\u201d were unique to only one event. Before learning the conversations, participants were scanned while viewing images or names of the (famous) individuals to be used in the study to obtain person-specific activity patterns. After learning all the conversations over a week, participants were scanned for a second time while they recalled each event multiple times. We found that during recall, person-specific activity patterns within the posterior midline network were reinstated for the hosts of the shows but not the guests, and that reinstatement of the hosts was significantly stronger than the reinstatement of the guests. These findings demonstrate that it is the more generic, familiar, and predictable elements of an event that dominate its neural representation compared with the more idiosyncratic, event-defining, elements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T22:56:59Z","timestamp":1640300219000},"page":"517-531","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Neural Representation of Events Is Dominated by Elements that Are Most Reliably Present"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Bromis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Sussex"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petar P.","family":"Raykov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Sussex"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Wickens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Sussex"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warrick","family":"Roseboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Sussex"},{"name":"School of Engineering and Informatics, University of Sussex"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris M.","family":"Bird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Sussex"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022020215533273300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.016","article-title":"Remembering the past and imagining the future: common and distinct neural substrates during event construction and elaboration","volume":"45","author":"Addis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2022020215533273300_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2017.08.010","article-title":"With or without you: Predictive coding and Bayesian inference in the brain","volume":"46","author":"Aitchison","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology"},{"key":"2022020215533273300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.96.4.703","article-title":"Human memory: An adaptive perspective","volume":"96","author":"Anderson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"2022020215533273300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2020.101821","article-title":"Prediction and memory: A predictive coding account","volume":"192","author":"Barron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Progress in Neurobiology"},{"key":"2022020215533273300_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2020.01.020","article-title":"How do we remember events?","volume":"32","author":"Bird","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences"},{"key":"2022020215533273300_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14426","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1774-15.2015","article-title":"Consolidation of complex events via reinstatement in posterior cingulate cortex","volume":"35","author":"Bird","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2022020215533273300_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(81)90008-6","article-title":"Role of schemata in memory for places","volume":"13","author":"Brewer","year":"1981","journal-title":"Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"2022020215533273300_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4450","article-title":"Shared memories reveal shared structure in neural activity across individuals","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2022020215533273300_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X12000477","article-title":"Whatever next? 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