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In the current study, we examined neurophysiological processes of perception\u2013action integration in response inhibition using the theory of event coding as a conceptual framework. Based on theoretical considerations, we focused on theta and alpha band activity in close connection to the functional neuroanatomical level using EEG beamforming. Moreover, we performed a network-based analysis of theta and alpha band activity. We show a seesaw-like relationship between medial and superior frontal cortex theta band activity and frontoparietal cortex alpha band activity during perception\u2013action integration in response inhibition, depending on the necessity to reconfigure perception\u2013action associations. When perception\u2013action integration was more demanding, because perception\u2013action associations (bindings) have to be reconfigured, there was an increase of theta and a decrease of alpha band activity. Vice versa, when there was no need to reconfigure perception\u2013action bindings, theta band activity was low and alpha band activity was high. However, theta band processes seem to be most important for perception\u2013action integration in response inhibition, because only the sensor-level network organization of theta band activity showed variations depending on the necessity to reconfigure perception\u2013action associations. When no reconfiguration was necessary, the network architecture was more small-world-like, likely enabling efficient processing. When reconfigurations were necessary, the network organization becomes more random. These differences were particularly strong for fractions of the neurophysiological signal supposed to reflect response selection processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T17:04:26Z","timestamp":1646759066000},"page":"1053-1069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Alpha and Theta Bands Dynamics Serve Distinct Functions during Perception\u2013Action Integration in Response Inhibition"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3136-3296","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Astrid","family":"Prochnow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TU Dresden"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2670-0019","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elena","family":"Eggert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TU 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