{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:00:46Z","timestamp":1772164846755,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MIT Press","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":142,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000286","name":"British Academy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NF140330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NF140330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000286","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ACCESS2WM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ACCESS2WM"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Research Council","award":["MEMTICIPATION"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MEMTICIPATION"]}]},{"name":"European Research Council","award":["850636"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["850636"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Working memory allows us to retain visual information to guide upcoming future behavior. In line with this future-oriented purpose of working memory, recent studies have shown that action planning occurs during encoding and retention of a single visual item, for which the upcoming action is certain. We asked whether and how this extends to multi-item visual working memory, when visual representations serve the potential future. Human participants performed a visual working-memory task with a memory-load manipulation (one\/two\/four items) and a delayed orientation-reproduction report (of one item). We measured EEG to track 15- to 25-Hz beta activity in electrodes contralateral to the required response hand\u2014a canonical marker of action planning. We show an attenuation of beta activity, not only in Load 1 (with one certain future action) but also in Load 2 (with two potential future actions), compared with Load 4 (with low prospective-action certainty). Moreover, in Load 2, potential action planning occurs regardless whether both visual items afford similar or dissimilar manual responses, and it predicts the speed of ensuing memory-guided behavior. This shows that potential action planning occurs during multi-item visual working memory and brings the perspective that working memory helps us prepare for the potential future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T10:11:03Z","timestamp":1653300663000},"page":"1534-1546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Planning the Potential Future during Multi-item Visual Working Memory"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1988-6759","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ezra","family":"Nasrawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7434-1751","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Freek","family":"van 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