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Here, we investigated whether post-encoding reinstatement serves to promote the encoding of \u201cone-shot\u201d episodic learning beyond the temporal structure in humans. In Experiment 1, participants encoded sequences of pictures depicting unique and meaningful episodic-like events. We used representational similarity analysis on scalp EEG recordings during encoding and found evidence of rapid picture-elicited EEG pattern reinstatement at episodic offset (around 500 msec post-episode). Memory reinstatement was not observed between successive elements within an episode, and the degree of memory reinstatement at episodic offset predicted later recall for that episode. In Experiment 2, participants encoded a shuffled version of the picture sequences from Experiment 1, rendering each episode meaningless to the participant but temporally structured as in Experiment 1, and we found no evidence of memory reinstatement at episodic offset. These results suggest that post-encoding memory reinstatement is akin to the rapid formation of unique and meaningful episodes that unfold over time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]],"date-time":"2022-10-28T12:54:03Z","timestamp":1666961643000},"page":"74-89","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Post-encoding Reactivation Is Related to Learning of Episodes in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Xiongbo","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Spain"},{"name":"University of Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Vi\u00f1als","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Ben-Yakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebrew University of 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