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The sentential context influences the perception and processing of a word. However, how this is achieved by brain processes and whether predictive mechanisms underlie this process remain a debated topic. Here, we employed an experimental paradigm in which we orthogonalized sentence context constraints and predictive validity, which was defined as the ratio of congruent to incongruent sentence endings within the experiment. While recording electroencephalography, participants read sentences with three levels of sentential context constraints (high, medium, and low). Participants were also separated into two groups that differed in their ratio of valid congruent to incongruent target words that could be predicted from the sentential context. For both groups, we investigated modulations of alpha power before, and N400 amplitude modulations after target word onset. The results reveal that the N400 amplitude gradually decreased with higher context constraints and cloze probability. In contrast, alpha power was not significantly affected by context constraint. Neither the N400 nor alpha power were significantly affected by changes in predictive validity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_02082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T16:26:00Z","timestamp":1699547160000},"page":"225-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Interaction of Context Constraints and Predictive Validity during Sentence Reading"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Terporten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Huizeling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Heidlmayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Nanterre"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Hagoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"K\u00f6sem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Neuroscience Lyon, France"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024011014320120800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2007.05.005","article-title":"The proactive brain: Using analogies and associations to generate predictions","volume":"11","author":"Bar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"2024011014320120800_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00829","article-title":"Frequency-based segregation of syntactic and semantic unification during online sentence level language comprehension","volume":"27","author":"Bastiaansen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2024011014320120800_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1080\/01690965.2011.577980","article-title":"Does discourse congruence influence spoken language comprehension before lexical association? 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