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Adding the perspective of ageing, the interaction becomes even more manyfold. The impact of cognitive load on speech processing has been investigated, however, characterized by a lack of realistic speech material and multimodality. In this study, we therefore investigated the effects of memory load on naturalistic immersive audiovisual speech comprehension in older adults with varying degrees of hearing impairment and cognitive capacities. By providing natural continuous multisensory speech, provided through virtual reality, we created an immersive three-dimensional visual of the speaker and manipulated the memory load of the natural running speech inspired by a traditional n-back task. This allowed us to quantify neural speech envelope tracking via EEG and behavioral speech comprehension in varying modalities and memory loads in a highly controllable environment, while offering a realistic conversational experience. Neural speech tracking depends on an interaction between modality and memory load, moderated by auditory working memory capacity. Under low memory load, there is an increase in neural speech tracking in the immersive modality, particularly strong for individuals with low auditory working memory. Visually induced performance improvement is observed similarly in high and low memory load settings on a behavioral level. We argue that this dynamic reflects an allocation process of sensory and cognitive processing resources depending on the presented sensory and cognitive load of natural continuous speech and individual capacities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_02306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T12:19:49Z","timestamp":1738930789000},"page":"2126-2144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Presenting Natural Continuous Speech in a Multisensory Immersive Environment Improves Speech Comprehension and Reflects the Allocation of Processing Resources in Neural Speech Tracking"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4381-0428","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Frei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Neuroscience of Speech and Hearing, Department of Computational Linguistics, University of Zurich"},{"name":"International Max Planck Research School for the Life Course: Evolutionary and Ontogenetic Dynamics (LIFE), Berlin"},{"name":"Language & Medicine Center Zurich, Competence Center of Medical Faculty and Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Giroud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Neuroscience of Speech and Hearing, Department of Computational Linguistics, University of Zurich"},{"name":"International Max Planck Research School for the Life Course: Evolutionary and Ontogenetic Dynamics (LIFE), Berlin"},{"name":"University and ETH of Zurich"},{"name":"Language & Medicine Center Zurich, Competence Center of Medical Faculty and Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100913054376600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3958","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0187-08.2008","article-title":"Right-hemisphere auditory cortex is dominant for coding syllable patterns in speech","volume":"28","author":"Abrams","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913054376600_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020802301142","article-title":"Are individual differences in speech reception related to individual differences in cognitive ability? 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