{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T23:35:16Z","timestamp":1774395316352,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MIT Press","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The perception of musical consonance\/dissonance (C\/D) relies on basic properties of the auditory system, and prior investigations have shown that C\/D sounds elicit strongly divergent neurophysiological activity in human auditory cortex. However, studies are missing that assess transient (P1, N1, P2) and sustained cortical C\/D representations within a harmonic context, together with the corresponding patterns of neural adaptation. The present magnetoencephalography experiment applied spatio-temporal source analysis to study the early transient and sustained neuromagnetic processing of C\/D at the start and within brief harmonic sequences. A total of n = 40 adult listeners (among them numerous amateur musicians) participated in the experiment; the harmonic sequences comprised different blends of C\/D dyads with balanced probabilities, in an effort to access simple C\/D relations and neural adaptation at an early stage of the processing hierarchy. Consistent with earlier findings, the transient cortical activity was found to reflect vertical (i.e., absolute) C\/D aspects in response to the sequence's first dyad, but it mirrored more horizontal aspects (i.e., C\/D relations) at the subsequent dyad transitions; moreover, the neuromagnetic responses (particularly, the N1 and P2 waves) exhibited adaptation with different time constants, parts of which pertained to C\/D-associated processing. Surprisingly, only few observations appeared to be influenced by the listener's musical expertise, likely due to the high overall level of musicality in our sample. In summary, our data indicate that early neuromagnetic activity reflects not only vertical, but also horizontal, aspects of C\/D perception, together with corresponding adaptive mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_02333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T11:44:57Z","timestamp":1744112697000},"page":"1735-1756","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transient and Sustained Neuromagnetic Representation of Consonance and Dissonance in Harmonic Sequences"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Judith Maria","family":"Schwienbacher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heidelberg University Hospital"},{"name":"Agaplesion Bethanien Krankenhaus, Heidelberg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3939-919X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Rupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heidelberg University Hospital"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6688-7412","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Martin","family":"Andermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heidelberg University Hospital"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-8949\/1993\/T49A\/033","article-title":"122-channel SQUID instrument for investigating the magnetic signals from the human brain","volume":"49","author":"Ahonen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Physica Scripta"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117501","article-title":"Early cortical processing of pitch height and the role of adaptation and musicality","volume":"225","author":"Andermann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2616","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00898.2013","article-title":"Duifhuis pitch: Neuromagnetic representation and auditory modeling","volume":"112","author":"Andermann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00876.2018","article-title":"Transient and sustained processing of musical consonance in auditory cortex and the effect of musicality","volume":"123","author":"Andermann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.06.065","article-title":"Neuromagnetic correlates of voice pitch, vowel type, and speaker size in auditory cortex","volume":"158","author":"Andermann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.05.049","article-title":"Neuromagnetic representation of musical register information in human auditory cortex","volume":"57","author":"Andermann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1177\/0305735617720834","article-title":"Perception of isolated chords: Examining frequency of occurrence, instrumental timbre, acoustic descriptors and musical training","volume":"46","author":"Arthurs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychology of Music"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780195342161.013.0007","article-title":"Electromagnetic brain mapping using MEG and EEG","volume-title":"The Oxford handbook of social neuroscience","author":"Baillet","year":"2011"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(94)90094-9","article-title":"A multiple source approach to the correction of eye artifacts","volume":"90","author":"Berg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.07.005","article-title":"Functional organization for musical consonance and tonal pitch hierarchy in human auditory cortex","volume":"101","author":"Bidelman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11155","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1505768112","article-title":"A biological rationale for musical consonance","volume":"112","author":"Bowling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A."},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2230","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2008.21144","article-title":"Neural discrimination of nonprototypical chords in music experts and laymen: An MEG study","volume":"21","author":"Brattico","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1284.019","article-title":"Cortical correlates of acquired deafness to dissonance","volume":"999","author":"Brattico","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2018.06.005","article-title":"Early neural responses underlie advantages for consonance over dissonance","volume":"117","author":"Crespo-Bojorque","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.11.021, 15003751","article-title":"A review of the evidence for P2 being an independent component process: Age, sleep and modality","volume":"115","author":"Crowley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plrev.2022.10.004","article-title":"Consonance and dissonance perception. A critical review of the historical sources, multidisciplinary findings, and main hypotheses","volume":"43","author":"Di Stefano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Physics of Life Reviews"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429246593","volume-title":"An introduction to the bootstrap","author":"Efron","year":"1993"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03203630","article-title":"GPOWER: A general power analysis program","volume":"28","author":"Erdfelder","year":"1996","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/brm.41.4.1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses","volume":"41","author":"Faul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03193146","article-title":"G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-013-0337-3","article-title":"The mechanisms and meaning of the mismatch negativity","volume":"27","author":"Fishman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Topography"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib22","volume-title":"Manual for the advanced measures of music audiation","author":"Gordon","year":"1989"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib23","volume-title":"Introduction to research and the psychology of music","author":"Gordon","year":"1998"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib24","first-page":"229","article-title":"RWC music database: Music genre database and musical instrument sound database","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th international conference on music information retrieval","author":"Goto","year":"2003"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2005.11.006","article-title":"Repetition and the brain: Neural models of stimulus-specific effects","volume":"10","author":"Grill-Spector","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0949","article-title":"Sustained magnetic fields reveal separate sites for sound level and temporal regularity in human auditory cortex","volume":"15","author":"Gutschalk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.01.025","article-title":"Temporal dynamics of pitch in human auditory cortex","volume":"22","author":"Gutschalk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj180","article-title":"The effect of temporal context on the sustained pitch response in human auditory cortex","volume":"17","author":"Gutschalk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1037\/rev0000169","article-title":"Simultaneous consonance in music perception and composition","volume":"127","author":"Harrison","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2024.105768","article-title":"Understanding music and aging through the lens of Bayesian inference","volume":"163","author":"Heng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1023\/b:brat.0000032857.55223.5d","article-title":"BESA source coherence: A new method to study cortical oscillatory coupling","volume":"16","author":"Hoechstetter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Topography"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200312190-00003","article-title":"Cortical processing of musical consonance: An evoked potential study","volume":"14","author":"Itoh","year":"2003","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3500685","article-title":"Central auditory processing of noncontextual consonance in music: An evoked potential study","volume":"128","author":"Itoh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-22794-6_11","article-title":"Underlying principles of a high-quality speech manipulation system STRAIGHT and its application to speech segregation","volume-title":"Speech separation by humans and machines","author":"Kawahara","year":"2004"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6393(98)00085-5","article-title":"Restructuring speech representations using a pitch-adaptive time\u2013frequency smoothing and an instantaneous-frequency-based F0 extraction: Possible role of a repetitive structure in sounds","volume":"27","author":"Kawahara","year":"1999","journal-title":"Speech Communication"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.118879","article-title":"MEG correlates of temporal regularity relevant to pitch perception in human auditory cortex","volume":"249","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2008.00752.x","article-title":"Music-syntactic processing and auditory memory: Similarities and differences between ERAN and MMN","volume":"46","author":"Koelsch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900562183","article-title":"Brain indices of music processing: \u201cNonmusicians\u201d are musical","volume":"12","author":"Koelsch","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2018.10.006","article-title":"Predictive processes and the peculiar case of music","volume":"23","author":"Koelsch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/13.7.765","article-title":"Neuromagnetic evidence for a pitch processing center in Heschl's gyrus","volume":"13","author":"Krumbholz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.10.016","article-title":"Musicians and non-musicians' different reliance of features in consonance perception: A behavioral and ERP study","volume":"125","author":"Kung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/8.5.397","article-title":"Normal variation in the frequency and location of human auditory cortex landmarks. Heschl's gyrus: Where is it?","volume":"8","author":"Leonard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e68892","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068892, 23935900","article-title":"Age differences in the neuroelectric adaptation to meaningful sounds","volume":"8","author":"Leung","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1525\/mp.2020.38.1.78","article-title":"Musical expertise facilitates dissonance detection on behavioral, not on early sensory level","volume":"38","author":"Linnavalli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Music Perception"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-015-4260-6","article-title":"Disruption of the auditory response to a regular click train by a single, extra click","volume":"233","author":"L\u00fctkenh\u00f6ner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.04.019, 20493704","article-title":"Individual differences reveal the basis of consonance","volume":"20","author":"McDermott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00325","article-title":"EEG source imaging: A practical review of the analysis steps","volume":"10","author":"Michel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/wnr.0b013e32831af235","article-title":"Functional MRI\/event-related potential study of sensory consonance and dissonance in musicians and nonmusicians","volume":"20","author":"Minati","year":"2009","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2013.03.015","article-title":"The mismatch-negativity (MMN) component of the auditory event-related potential to violations of abstract regularities: A review","volume":"88","author":"Paavilainen","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13476","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13476","article-title":"Dissonant endings of chord progressions elicit a larger ERAN than ambiguous endings in musicians","volume":"57","author":"Pag\u00e8s-Portabella","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.11.036","article-title":"Musical expectations enhance auditory cortical processing in musicians: A magnetoencephalography study","volume":"369","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.4407\/jims.2011.11.002","article-title":"Consonance and dissonance in music theory and psychology: Disentangling dissonant dichotomies","volume":"5","author":"Parncutt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Interdisciplinary Music Studies"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-25474-6_38","article-title":"Locating melody processing activity in auditory cortex with magnetoencephalography","volume":"894","author":"Patterson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/s0896-6273(02)01060-7","article-title":"The processing of temporal pitch and melody information in auditory cortex","volume":"36","author":"Patterson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13330","article-title":"Brain processing of consonance\/dissonance in musicians and controls: A hemispheric asymmetry revisited","volume":"44","author":"Proverbio","year":"2016","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci7060058","article-title":"A review of issues related to data acquisition and analysis in EEG\/MEG studies","volume":"7","author":"Puce","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1162\/089892901564298","article-title":"Different brain mechanisms mediate sensitivity to sensory consonance and harmonic context: Evidence from auditory event-related brain potentials","volume":"13","author":"Regnault","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.05.003","article-title":"Neuromagnetic responses reflect the temporal pitch change of regular interval sounds","volume":"27","author":"Ritter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.06.017","article-title":"Latency effect of the pitch response due to variations of frequency and spectral envelope","volume":"118","author":"Ritter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2021.04.008","article-title":"Deviant consonance and dissonance capture attention differently only when task demand is high: An ERP study with three-stimulus oddball paradigm","volume":"166","author":"Sanada","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib61","first-page":"40","article-title":"Fundamentals of dipole source potential analysis","volume":"6","author":"Scherg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Advances in Audiology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00855","article-title":"Taking the EEG back into the brain: The power of multiple discrete sources","volume":"10","author":"Scherg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1989.1.4.336","article-title":"A source analysis of the late human auditory evoked potentials","volume":"1","author":"Scherg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1525\/mp.2005.23.2.105","article-title":"Sensory consonance: An ERP study","volume":"23","author":"Sch\u00f6n","year":"2005","journal-title":"Music Perception"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-008-1286-z","article-title":"Depth electrode recordings show double dissociation between pitch processing in lateral Heschl's gyrus and sound onset processing in medial Heschl's gyrus","volume":"187","author":"Sch\u00f6nwiesner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2006.04.005","article-title":"From noise to pitch: Transient and sustained responses of the auditory evoked field","volume":"218","author":"Seither-Preisler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hearing Research"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.007","article-title":"Is discrimination training necessary to cause changes in the P2 auditory event-related brain potential to speech sounds?","volume":"25","author":"Sheehan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cognitive Brain Research"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1162\/imag_a_00160","article-title":"The auditory P2 is influenced by pitch changes but not pitch strength and consists of two separate subcomponents","volume":"2","author":"Steinmetzger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Imaging Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1006820","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1006820","article-title":"Modeling and MEG evidence of early consonance processing in auditory cortex","volume":"15","author":"Tabas","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Computational Biology"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909159","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2022.909159","article-title":"Neuromagnetic representation of melodic contour processing in human auditory cortex","volume":"16","author":"Taddeo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib71","volume-title":"A stereotactic coplanar atlas of the human brain","author":"Talairach","year":"1988"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00028","article-title":"Is the auditory evoked P2 response a biomarker of learning?","volume":"8","author":"Tremblay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2010.10.066","article-title":"The preattentive processing of major vs. minor chords in the human brain: An event-related potential study","volume":"487","author":"Virtala","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-022-00578-5","article-title":"Music in the brain","volume":"23","author":"Vuust","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383554","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2024.1383554","article-title":"Neuromagnetic representation of musical roundness in chord progressions","volume":"18","author":"W\u00f6hrle","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025083113212804800_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469508","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/469508","article-title":"The mismatch negativity: An indicator of perception of regularities in music","volume":"2015","author":"Yu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behavioural Neurology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/37\/10\/1735\/2512451\/jocn_a_02333.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/37\/10\/1735\/2512451\/jocn_a_02333.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T17:21:34Z","timestamp":1756660894000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article\/37\/10\/1735\/128768\/Transient-and-Sustained-Neuromagnetic"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn_a_02333","relation":{},"ISSN":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0898-929X","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-8898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}