{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T20:38:36Z","timestamp":1770755916604,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"MIT Press","issue":"11","funder":[{"name":"France Life Imaging","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0006"]}]},{"name":"Excellence Initiative of Aix-Marseille University - AMIDEX","award":["AMX-19-IET-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AMX-19-IET-002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR # 20-ASTC-0031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR # 20-ASTC-0031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["doctoral fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["doctoral fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In this study, we used magnetoencephalography and adopted a strategy approach to determine how negative emotions influence arithmetic performance. Forty-eight participants had to find estimates of two-digit multiplication problems, while their strategies were monitored for each problem. Problems were displayed superimposed on emotionally negative or neutral pictures. Behavioral results showed that negative emotions had a deleterious influence on arithmetic performance, especially while executing the harder strategy. Magnetoencephalography data showed decreased activations under negative emotions in brain regions known to specifically underlie arithmetic neural processes, such as left parietal regions (i.e., intraparietal sulcus, superior parietal lobule, precuneus), and no effects of emotions in regions involved in domain-general mechanisms, such as prefrontal regions. Interestingly, decreased activations occurred very early after the onset of the arithmetic problems (i.e., 100\u2013250 msec) and were not found in later time windows. These results suggest that negative emotions impair the early domain-specific processes (such as encoding arithmetic problems), possibly as a result of competing resources between emotional and arithmetic processing. These findings have important implications for further understanding of neural and cognitive mechanisms underlying effects of negative emotions in arithmetic and for further investigating how emotions influence cognition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_02344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T13:36:26Z","timestamp":1747056986000},"page":"2072-2092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["How Negative Emotions Influence Arithmetic Performance: A Magnetoencephalography Study"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Camille","family":"Lallement","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hinault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAEN, PSL Universit\u00e9 Paris"}]},{"given":"Khoubeib","family":"Kanzari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Lemaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-07-02683.2000","article-title":"A role for somatosensory cortices in the visual recognition of emotion as revealed by three-dimensional lesion mapping","volume":"20","author":"Adolphs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.01.064","article-title":"Regional brain responses to pleasant and unpleasant IAPS pictures: Different networks","volume":"512","author":"Aldhafeeri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/07481756.1989.12022923","article-title":"The development of an abbreviated version of the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale","volume":"22","author":"Alexander","year":"1989","journal-title":"Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.05.047","article-title":"Common substrate for mental arithmetic and finger representation in the parietal cortex","volume":"62","author":"Andres","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.11.009","article-title":"Role of distinct parietal areas in arithmetic: An fMRI-guided TMS study","volume":"54","author":"Andres","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00924","article-title":"Within-item strategy switching in arithmetic: A comparative study in children","volume":"4","author":"Ardiale","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2017.08.002","article-title":"Brain areas associated with numbers and calculations in children: Meta-analyses of fMRI studies","volume":"30","author":"Arsalidou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.009","article-title":"Is 2 + 2 = 4? Meta-analyses of brain areas needed for numbers and calculations","volume":"54","author":"Arsalidou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01333","article-title":"Neural correlates of math anxiety\u2014An overview and implications","volume":"6","author":"Artemenko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.05.014","article-title":"Empathic care and distress: Predictive brain markers and dissociable brain systems","volume":"94","author":"Ashar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000307","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the relation between math anxiety and math achievement","volume":"147","author":"Barroso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/20445911.2011.603693","article-title":"Reasoning about highly emotional topics: Syllogistic reasoning in a group of war veterans","volume":"24","author":"Blanchette","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034996","article-title":"Does emotion help or hinder reasoning? The moderating role of relevance","volume":"143","author":"Blanchette","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4201","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4498-12.2013","article-title":"Understanding others' feelings: The role of the right primary somatosensory cortex in encoding the affective valence of others' touch","volume":"33","author":"Bolognini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2553","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl161","article-title":"Empathy for pain and touch in the human somatosensory cortex","volume":"17","author":"Bufalari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(99)00641-2","article-title":"A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of mental subtraction in human subjects","volume":"273","author":"Burbaud","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24502","article-title":"Fronto-insular-parietal network engagement underlying arithmetic word problem solving","volume":"40","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.01.064","article-title":"The perception of pain in others suppresses somatosensory oscillations: A magnetoencephalography study","volume":"40","author":"Cheng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1162\/089892999563689","article-title":"Differential contributions of the left and right inferior parietal lobules to number processing","volume":"11","author":"Chochon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2015.01.017","article-title":"AnyWave: A cross-platform and modular software for visualizing and processing electrophysiological signals","volume":"242","author":"Colombet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0511(99)00044-7","article-title":"Brain potentials in affective picture processing: Covariation with autonomic arousal and affective report","volume":"52","author":"Cuthbert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81138-1","article-title":"Dynamic statistical parametric mapping: Combining fMRI and MEG for high-resolution imaging of cortical activity","volume":"26","author":"Dale","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1038\/79871","article-title":"Subcortical and cortical brain activity during the feeling of self-generated emotions","volume":"3","author":"Damasio","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jarmac.2019.05.006","article-title":"Physiological stress and face recognition: Differential effects of stress on accuracy and the confidence\u2013accuracy relationship","volume":"8","author":"Davis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2004.03.008","article-title":"Arithmetic and the brain","volume":"14","author":"Dehaene","year":"2004","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1080\/02643290244000239","article-title":"Three parietal circuits for number processing","volume":"20","author":"Dehaene","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cognitive Neuropsychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5416.970","article-title":"Sources of mathematical thinking: Behavioral and brain-imaging evidence","volume":"284","author":"Dehaene","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib28","volume-title":"Echelle de vocabulaire de Mill Hill de J. C. Raven","author":"Deltour","year":"1993"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14150","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014150","article-title":"The impact of anxiety-inducing distraction on cognitive performance: A combined brain imaging and personality investigation","volume":"5","author":"Denkova","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.021","article-title":"An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest","volume":"31","author":"Desikan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.04.063","article-title":"The interference effect in arithmetic fact solving: An fMRI study","volume":"116","author":"De Visscher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2007.07.010","article-title":"Opposing influences of emotional and non-emotional distracters upon sustained prefrontal cortex activity during a delayed-response working memory task","volume":"46","author":"Dolcos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5042-05.2006","article-title":"Brain systems mediating cognitive interference by emotional distraction","volume":"26","author":"Dolcos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.03.059","article-title":"Regional brain differences in the effect of distraction during the delay interval of a working memory task","volume":"1152","author":"Dolcos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.00508","article-title":"Mathematics anxiety: What have we learned in 60 years?","volume":"7","author":"Dowker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1027\/1618-3169\/a000460","article-title":"How emotions modulate arithmetic performance: A study in arithmetic problem verification tasks","volume":"66","author":"Fabre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e54091","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054091","article-title":"Binding action and emotion in social understanding","volume":"8","author":"Ferri","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1007\/s40750-018-0097-0","article-title":"The effect of negative implicit affect, prime visibility, and gender on effort-related cardiac response","volume":"4","author":"Framorando","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2019.01.013","article-title":"Prime warning moderates implicit affect primes\u2019 effect on effort-related cardiac response in men","volume":"142","author":"Framorando","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib41","volume-title":"Kit of reference tests for cognitive factors","author":"French","year":"1963"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1080\/15622970701624603","article-title":"Neuronal correlates of emotional processing in patients with major depression","volume":"10","author":"Frodl","year":"2009","journal-title":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e32740","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.32740","article-title":"The causal role of the somatosensory cortex in prosocial behaviour","volume":"8","author":"Gallo","year":"2018","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315684758","volume-title":"An introduction to mathematical cognition","author":"Gilmore","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2008.10.013","article-title":"To retrieve or to calculate? Left angular gyrus mediates the retrieval of arithmetic facts during problem solving","volume":"47","author":"Grabner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.11.028","article-title":"Motivated and controlled attention to emotion: Time-course of the late positive potential","volume":"120","author":"Hajcak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.8.2.250","article-title":"The persistence of attention to emotion: Brain potentials during and after picture presentation","volume":"8","author":"Hajcak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02512476","article-title":"Interpreting magnetic fields of the brain: Minimum norm estimates","volume":"32","author":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(00)00072-5","article-title":"Transient interference of right hemispheric function due to automatic emotional processing","volume":"38","author":"Hartikainen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.12.018","article-title":"Keep it simple: A case for using classical minimum norm estimation in the analysis of EEG and MEG data","volume":"21","author":"Hauk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.05.007","article-title":"Neural underpinnings of numerical and spatial cognition: An fMRI meta-analysis of brain regions associated with symbolic number, arithmetic, and mental rotation","volume":"103","author":"Hawes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2016.05.006","article-title":"What does EEG tell us about arithmetic strategies? A review","volume":"106","author":"Hinault","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/44\/2\/010","article-title":"A sensor-weighted overlapping-sphere head model and exhaustive head model comparison for MEG","volume":"44","author":"Huang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Physics in Medicine & Biology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhv242","article-title":"Brain activity and network interactions linked to valence-related differences in the impact of emotional distraction","volume":"27","author":"Iordan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00200","article-title":"Neural signatures of the response to emotional distraction: A review of evidence from brain imaging investigations","volume":"7","author":"Iordan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-022-02557-z","article-title":"Structural and functional MRI evidence for significant contribution of precentral gyrus to flexible oculomotor control: Evidence from the antisaccade task","volume":"227","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Structure and Function"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199642342.001.0001","volume-title":"The Oxford handbook of numerical cognition","author":"Kadosh","year":"2015"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2007.11.001","article-title":"Are numbers special? An overview of chronometric, neuroimaging, developmental and comparative studies of magnitude representation","volume":"84","author":"Kadosh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Progress in Neurobiology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(00)00073-2","article-title":"Neural substrates of facial emotion processing using fMRI","volume":"11","author":"Kesler-West","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cognitive Brain Research"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2833","article-title":"Somatosensation in social perception","volume":"11","author":"Keysers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15027","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2892808","article-title":"The impact of math anxiety on working memory: A cortical activations and cortical functional connectivity EEG study","volume":"7","author":"Klados","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930600625032","article-title":"Anticipatory modulation of interference induced by unpleasant pictures","volume":"21","author":"Kleinsorge","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1027\/1618-3169.56.4.228","article-title":"Anticipation selectively enhances interference exerted by pictures of negative valence","volume":"56","author":"Kleinsorge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781351124805","volume-title":"Numerical cognition","author":"Knops","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogbrainres.2004.09","article-title":"The neural substrate of arithmetic operations and procedure complexity","volume":"22","author":"Kong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cognitive Brain Research"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ENEURO.0090-15.2016","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0090-15.2016","article-title":"Somatosensory representations link the perception of emotional expressions and sensory experience","volume":"3","author":"Kragel","year":"2016","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2021.1967884","article-title":"Age-related differences in how negative emotions influence arithmetic performance","volume":"35","author":"Lallement","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1027\/1618-3169\/a000595","article-title":"Are there age-related differences in effects of positive and negative emotions in arithmetic?","volume":"70","author":"Lallement","year":"2024","journal-title":"Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.014","article-title":"Meta-analytic evidence for common and distinct neural networks associated with directly experienced pain and empathy for pain","volume":"54","author":"Lamm","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib71","volume-title":"International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Affective ratings of pictures and instruction manual","author":"Lang","year":"2008"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-4694(98)00057-1","article-title":"A study of dipole localization accuracy for MEG and EEG using a human skull phantom","volume":"107","author":"Leahy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200010)48:4<657::AID-ANA13>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Cortical areas differentially involved in multiplication and subtraction: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study and correlation with a case of selective acalculia","volume":"48","author":"Lee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib74","volume-title":"Emotion and cognition","author":"Lemaire","year":"2022"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1037\/xge0001506","article-title":"Aging, emotion, and cognition: The role of strategies","volume":"153","author":"Lemaire","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.19.3.467","article-title":"Adults' age-related differences in adaptivity of strategy choices: Evidence from computational estimation","volume":"19","author":"Lemaire","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychology and Aging"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1027\/1618-3169\/a000244","article-title":"Age-related differences in sequential modulations of poorer-strategy effects","volume":"61","author":"Lemaire","year":"2014","journal-title":"Experimental Psychology."},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.3758\/MC.38.3.322","article-title":"Strategy switch costs in arithmetic problem solving","volume":"38","author":"Lemaire","year":"2010","journal-title":"Memory & Cognition"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.08.016","article-title":"A direct brainstem-amygdala-cortical \u2018alarm\u2019 system for subliminal signals of fear","volume":"24","author":"Liddell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-021-06048-1","article-title":"Emotional valence modulates arithmetic strategy execution in priming paradigm: An event-related potential study","volume":"239","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.12","article-title":"The neural circuits for arithmetic principles","volume":"147","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e48076","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048076","article-title":"When math hurts: Math anxiety predicts pain network activation in anticipation of doing math","volume":"7","author":"Lyons","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429199981","volume-title":"Mathematics anxiety","author":"Mammarella","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2007.03.024","article-title":"Nonparametric statistical testing of EEG- and MEG-data","volume":"164","author":"Maris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-023-04302-z","article-title":"How negative emotions influence arithmetic performance: A comparison of young and older adults","volume":"43","author":"Melani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Current Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2016.04.026","article-title":"Memory and cognitive control circuits in mathematical cognition and learning","volume":"227","author":"Menon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Progress in Brain Research"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116078","article-title":"Integration of spatio-temporal dynamics in emotion\u2013cognition interactions: A simultaneous fMRI-ERP investigation using the emotional oddball task","volume":"202","author":"Moore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsw169","article-title":"Effective amygdala-prefrontal connectivity predicts individual differences in successful emotion regulation","volume":"12","author":"Morawetz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22040","article-title":"\u201cFeeling\u201d others\u2019 painful actions: The sensorimotor integration of pain and action information","volume":"34","author":"Morrison","year":"2013","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-4415v34n66a12","article-title":"Neural bases of mathematical anxiety\u2014Implications for the teaching\u2013learning process","volume":"34","author":"Moura-Silva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bolema: Boletim de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o Matem\u00e1tica"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib92","first-page":"1","article-title":"A review of event-related potential (ERP) components employed in mental arithmetic processing studies","volume":"6","author":"Muluh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.051508.135550","article-title":"Representation of number in the brain","volume":"32","author":"Nieder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9599","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1206095109","article-title":"Emotions promote social interaction by synchronizing brain activity across individuals","volume":"109","author":"Nummenmaa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A."},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00058","article-title":"The neurobiology of emotion\u2013cognition interactions: Fundamental questions and strategies for future research","volume":"9","author":"Okon-Singer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.02.047","article-title":"The interaction of emotion and pain in the insula and secondary somatosensory cortex","volume":"349","author":"Orenius","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5116","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhw294","article-title":"Sensorimotor network crucial for inferring amusement from smiles","volume":"27","author":"Paracampo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/60.4.389","article-title":"Somatic motor and sensory representation in the cerebral cortex of man as studied by electrical stimulation","volume":"60","author":"Penfield","year":"1937","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3758\/CABN.10.1.94","article-title":"Emotion affects action: Midcingulate cortex as a pivotal node of interaction between negative emotion and motor signals","volume":"10","author":"Pereira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900562273","article-title":"Neuroanatomical substrates of Arabic number processing, numerical comparison, and simple addition: A PET study","volume":"12","author":"Pesenti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2009.01.006","article-title":"How do emotion and motivation direct executive control?","volume":"13","author":"Pessoa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2017.05.002","article-title":"Arithmetic in the developing brain: A review of brain imaging studies","volume":"30","author":"Peters","year":"2018","journal-title":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2016.04.001","article-title":"Brain activity during arithmetic in symbolic and non-symbolic formats in 9\u201312-year-old children","volume":"86","author":"Peters","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00776.2015","article-title":"Modulation of cognitive control levels via manipulation of saccade trial-type probability assessed with event-related BOLD fMRI","volume":"115","author":"Pierce","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0913","article-title":"Modulation of parietal activation by semantic distance in a number comparison task","volume":"14","author":"Pinel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116728","article-title":"Interactions between emotion and action in the brain","volume":"214","author":"Portugal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2936-12.2013","article-title":"Why mental arithmetic counts: Brain activation during single digit arithmetic predicts high school math scores","volume":"33","author":"Price","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib108","volume-title":"Guide to using the Mill Hill vocabulary scale with the progressive matrices scales","author":"Raven","year":"1958"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1037\/h0033456","article-title":"The mathematics anxiety rating scale: Psychometric data","volume":"19","author":"Richardson","year":"1972","journal-title":"Journal of Counseling Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(99)00068-8","article-title":"The calculating brain: An fMRI study","volume":"38","author":"Rickard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00423-8","article-title":"The cortical motor system","volume":"31","author":"Rizzolatti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib112","volume-title":"Handbook of cognition and emotion","author":"Robinson","year":"2013"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.3758\/CABN.9.3.270","article-title":"Neural correlates of arithmetic calculation strategies","volume":"9","author":"Rosenberg-Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1162\/089892999563238","article-title":"Neural evidence linking visual object enumeration and attention","volume":"11","author":"Sathian","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01860","article-title":"Involvement of sensory regions in affective experience: A meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Satpute","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.5.1.55","article-title":"Attentional interference effects of emotional pictures: Threat, negativity, or arousal?","volume":"5","author":"Schimmack","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00206","article-title":"Processing of emotional distraction is both automatic and modulated by attention: Evidence from an event-related fMRI investigation","volume":"24","author":"Shafer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2007.00571.x","article-title":"Cognitive variability","volume":"10","author":"Siegler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Developmental Science"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t06496-000","volume-title":"State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults (STAI-AD)","author":"Spielberger","year":"1983"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.11.2240","article-title":"Understanding dissociations in dyscalculia: A brain imaging study of the impact of number size on the cerebral networks for exact and approximate calculation","volume":"123","author":"Stanescu-Cosson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-021-00935-4","article-title":"Limitations of cognitive control on emotional distraction\u2014Congruency in the Color Stroop task does not modulate the Emotional Stroop effect","volume":"22","author":"Straub","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.010","article-title":"Attention to aversive emotion and specific activation of the right insula and right somatosensory cortex","volume":"54","author":"Straube","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-015-0370-7","article-title":"Math anxiety: A review of its cognitive consequences, psychophysiological correlates, and brain bases","volume":"16","author":"Su\u00e1rez-Pellicioni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879716","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/879716","article-title":"Brainstorm: A user-friendly application for MEG\/EEG analysis","volume":"2011","author":"Tadel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00061","article-title":"Processes in arithmetic strategy selection: A fMRI study","volume":"6","author":"Taillan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10636","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-15032-w","article-title":"Musical emotions affect memory for emotional pictures","volume":"12","author":"Talamini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1027\/1618-3169\/a000157","article-title":"Sequential difficulty effects during strategy execution: A study in arithmetic","volume":"59","author":"Uittenhove","year":"2012","journal-title":"Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2013.02.007","article-title":"Strategy sequential difficulty effects vary with working-memory and response-stimulus-intervals: A study in arithmetic","volume":"143","author":"Uittenhove","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-012-3397-9","article-title":"The time course of strategy sequential difficulty effects: An ERP study in arithmetic","volume":"227","author":"Uittenhove","year":"2013","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930600625081","article-title":"Do emotional stimuli interfere with response inhibition? Evidence from the stop signal paradigm","volume":"21","author":"Verbruggen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00328-2","article-title":"Effects of attention and emotion on face processing in the human brain: An event-related fMRI study","volume":"30","author":"Vuilleumier","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.5.1.12","article-title":"Amygdala activation to sad pictures during high-field (4 tesla) functional magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2004.07.006","article-title":"Priming emotional facial expressions as evidenced by event-related brain potentials","volume":"55","author":"Werheid","year":"2005","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-01-00411.1998","article-title":"Masked presentations of emotional facial expressions modulate amygdala activity without explicit knowledge","volume":"18","author":"Whalen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2930","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp063","article-title":"Functional heterogeneity of inferior parietal cortex during mathematical cognition assessed with cytoarchitectonic probability maps","volume":"19","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11447","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.182176499","article-title":"Dissociable prefrontal brain systems for attention and emotion","volume":"99","author":"Yamasaki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A."},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611429134","article-title":"The neurodevelopmental basis of math anxiety","volume":"23","author":"Young","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108060","article-title":"Arithmetic performance is modulated by cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression: Evidence from behavioral and ERP findings","volume":"162","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2025100913064757000_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-021-00979-6","article-title":"Implicit emotion regulation improves arithmetic performance: An ERP study","volume":"22","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/37\/11\/2072\/2522328\/jocn_a_02344.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/37\/11\/2072\/2522328\/jocn_a_02344.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:06:55Z","timestamp":1760029615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article\/37\/11\/2072\/130709\/How-Negative-Emotions-Influence-Arithmetic"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":137,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn_a_02344","relation":{},"ISSN":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0898-929X","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-8898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}