{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T01:06:39Z","timestamp":1785027999189,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Computation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> An increasing number of research groups are developing custom hybrid analog\/digital very large scale integration (VLSI) chips and systems that implement hundreds to thousands of spiking neurons with biophysically realistic dynamics, with the intention of emulating brainlike real-world behavior in hardware and robotic systems rather than simply simulating their performance on general-purpose digital computers. Although the electronic engineering aspects of these emulation systems is proceeding well, progress toward the actual emulation of brainlike tasks is restricted by the lack of suitable high-level configuration methods of the kind that have already been developed over many decades for simulations on general-purpose computers. The key difficulty is that the dynamics of the CMOS electronic analogs are determined by transistor biases that do not map simply to the parameter types and values used in typical abstract mathematical models of neurons and their networks. Here we provide a general method for resolving this difficulty. We describe a parameter mapping technique that permits an automatic configuration of VLSI neural networks so that their electronic emulation conforms to a higher-level neuronal simulation. We show that the neurons configured by our method exhibit spike timing statistics and temporal dynamics that are the same as those observed in the software simulated neurons and, in particular, that the key parameters of recurrent VLSI neural networks (e.g., implementing soft winner-take-all) can be precisely tuned. The proposed method permits a seamless integration between software simulations with hardware emulations and intertranslatability between the parameters of abstract neuronal models and their emulation counterparts. Most important, our method offers a route toward a high-level task configuration language for neuromorphic VLSI systems. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_00182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,7]],"date-time":"2011-07-07T00:28:19Z","timestamp":1309998499000},"page":"2457-2497","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["A Systematic Method for Configuring VLSI Networks of Spiking Neurons"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Emre","family":"Neftci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroinformatics, ETH, and University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Chicca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroinformatics, ETH, and University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Indiveri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroinformatics, ETH, and University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodney","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroinformatics, ETH, and University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/090749761"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/8.5.462"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2004.01.030"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-491850-4.50009-X"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2004.1380858"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2007.900238"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2005.06.022"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.2007.19.10.2581"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOCAS.2006.4600325"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.9.3844"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-1634-6"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00318010"},{"key":"B13","volume-title":"Neuroscientific Modeling with a Mixed-Signal VLSI Hardware System","author":"Br\u00fcderle D.","year":"2009"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008925309027"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HIS.2007.60"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2007.893509"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2005.849136"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2002.807412"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.11.011.2008"},{"key":"B20","volume-title":"Theoretical Neuroscience: Computational and Mathematical Modeling of Neural Systems","author":"Dayan P.","year":"2001"},{"key":"B21","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Methods in neuronal modeling","author":"Destexhe A.","year":"1998"},{"key":"B22","first-page":"282","volume-title":"The handbook of brain theory and neural networks","author":"Douglas R.","year":"1995"},{"key":"B23","first-page":"282","volume-title":"The handbook of brain theory and neural networks","author":"Douglas R.","year":"1994"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144152"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1994.6.4.679"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2004.842871"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2008.4541501"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOCAS.2009.5372072"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089976602320264015"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089976699300016601"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35016072"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089976603321192103"},{"key":"B33","volume-title":"Methods in neuronal modeling","author":"Hansel D.","year":"1998"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.6.1179"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00079.2006"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(01)00082-X"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2006.1693409"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2003.1206342"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2005.860850"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00322-1"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.217193"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2007.914337"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2009.5118408"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/29.1639"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089976602760407955"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/354515a0"},{"key":"B47","volume-title":"Analog (VLSI) and neural systems","author":"Mahowald M.","year":"1989"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2009.5117811"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-1639-8"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0893-6080(88)90024-X"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2006.1693200"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2010.5537007"},{"key":"B53","first-page":"1073","volume-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems, 20","author":"Neftci E.","year":"2008"},{"key":"B54","volume-title":"Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","author":"Neftci E.","year":"2010"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/0899766054322973"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/0899766042321797"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02407112"},{"key":"B58","volume":"3","author":"Pecevski D.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Frontiers Neuroinf."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSCC.2010.5433973"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008357931826"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2009.5118351"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203494462.ch15"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2007.378286"},{"key":"B64","first-page":"1525","volume-title":"International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","author":"Orchard G.","year":"2007"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.2008.03-08-734"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2008.4633828"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2004.1380861"},{"key":"B68","volume-title":"Computational neuroscience","author":"Schwartz E.","year":"1993"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2009.2023653"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/08997660360675053"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3575-07.2007"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2003.820390"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.2009.08-08-837"},{"key":"B74","volume-title":"Operation and modeling of the MOS transistor","author":"Tsividis Y.","year":"1998"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511623202"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(01)00067-3"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2005.1465560"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2007.12.037"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2009.5117757"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1989.1.3.334"}],"container-title":["Neural Computation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mitpressjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1162\/NECO_a_00182","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T21:38:56Z","timestamp":1615585136000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/neco\/article\/23\/10\/2457-2497\/7700"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1162\/NECO_a_00182"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/neco_a_00182","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-7667","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-888X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]}}}