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The performance of the standard adaptive filter algorithm is compared with the algorithm with a modified learning rule that minimizes inputs and a simple proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. Control performance is evaluated in terms of the number of spikes, the accuracy of spike input locations, and the accuracy of muscle force output. Results show that the cerebellar adaptive filter model can be applied without change to the control of systems driven by spiking inputs. The cerebellar algorithm results in good agreement between input spikes and force outputs and significantly improves on a PID controller. Input minimization can be used to reduce the number of spike inputs, but at the expense of a decrease in accuracy of spike input location and force output. This work extends the applications of the cerebellar algorithm and demonstrates the potential of the adaptive filter model to be used to improve functional electrical stimulation muscle control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_01617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T21:31:42Z","timestamp":1697491902000},"page":"1938-1969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Adaptive Filter Model of Cerebellum for Biological Muscle Control With Spike Train Inputs"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Emma","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4WA, U.K. 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