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To overcome this difficulty, a solution is to include adaptation in the attractor network dynamics, whereby the adaptation serves as a slow negative feedback mechanism to destabilize what are otherwise permanently stable states. In such a way, the neural system can, on one hand, represent information reliably using attractor states, and on the other hand, perform computations wherever rapid state updating is involved. Previous studies have shown that continuous attractor neural networks with adaptation (A-CANNs) exhibit rich dynamical behaviors accounting for various brain functions. In this review, we present a comprehensive view of the rich diverse dynamics of A-CANNs. Moreover, we provide a unified mathematical framework to understand these different dynamical behaviors and briefly discuss their biological implications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_01757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T19:51:59Z","timestamp":1745351519000},"page":"1057-1101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dynamics of Continuous Attractor Neural Networks With Spike Frequency Adaptation"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Yujun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yuanpei College, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianhao","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 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