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Employing Self-Presence Theory, we explore how avatars\u2019 facial expressions, outfits, gestures, and spatial behaviors enhance the feelings of embodiment and presence. Embodiment (users\u2019 sensation of being physically part of a virtual environment) and presence (the subjective experience of existing within it) are pivotal in understanding the effectiveness of virtual interactions. Through a mixed-method approach involving a questionnaire survey (N = 120) and detailed interviews (N = 20), we aim to quantify the contribution of avatars\u2019 nonverbal cues to user engagement. Preliminary findings suggest that gestures and poses significantly influence user embodiment and presence, indicating that effective nonverbal communication can enhance user experience in mobile metaverses. This study not only highlights the importance of avatar interactions in enriching user experience but also suggests directions for future enhancements in avatar design and functionality in metaverse platforms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/pres_a_00447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T19:00:49Z","timestamp":1742324449000},"page":"189-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["User Experience in Mobile Metaverses: Nonverbal Communication by Avatars in ZEPETO"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Jiyoung","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Communication and Media, Ewha Womans University"}]},{"given":"Sujin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AI, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of 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