{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T06:45:52Z","timestamp":1776753952828,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MIT Press","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.mitpressjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Quantitative Science Studies"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Proximity among scientists in social, cognitive, and physical dimensions promotes the sharing of tacit knowledge. Tacit knowledge helps scientists to understand the credibility of papers they read and to use the results in subsequent research. Hence, given the proximity among scientists in social, cognitive, and physical dimensions, one can predict patterns of diffusion in science. However, for controversial knowledge claims to become replicated, one expects the proximity between scientists itself to change as like-minded scientists relocate and create new coalitions. Proximity can thus be used as a unifying concept for the study of scientific knowledge diffusion as well as for the analysis of mobility of scientists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T11:36:45Z","timestamp":1593430605000},"page":"1007-1016","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Geography of scientific knowledge: A proximity approach"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"1","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4731-0201","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Koen","family":"Frenken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, The Netherlands"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"issue":"394","key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.2307\/2234208","volume":"99","author":"Arthur W. B.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Economic Journal"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00006"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1093\/icc\/dtm025","volume":"16","author":"Balconi M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Industrial and Corporate Change"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2014.883598","volume":"49","author":"Balland P. A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Regional Studies"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1191\/030913201682688922","volume":"25","author":"Barnes T. J.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Progress in Human Geography"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.114.303819","volume":"116","author":"Begley C. G.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"bib7","first-page":"357","volume":"3","author":"Bellet M.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Revue d\u2019Economie R\u00e9gionale et Urbaine"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1080\/0034340052000320887","volume":"39","author":"Boschma R.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Regional Studies"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1093\/jeg\/lbp008","volume":"9","author":"Breschi S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Economic Geography"},{"key":"bib10","volume-title":"Changing order: Replication and induction in scientific practice","author":"Collins H. M.","year":"1985"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1093\/icc\/9.2.211","volume":"9","author":"Cowan R.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Industrial and Corporate Change"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1108\/eb026703","volume":"37","author":"Cronin B.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-7333(94)01002-1","volume":"23","author":"Dasgupta P.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-7333(84)90003-9","volume":"13","author":"de Solla Price D. J.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3081","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003081","volume":"3","author":"Dwan K.","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s10739-007-9136-6","volume":"41","author":"Finnegan D. A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the History of Biology"},{"issue":"6379","key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaao0185","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao0185","volume":"359","author":"Fortunato S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"bib18","volume-title":"ECIS Working paper, 10-01","author":"Frenken K","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2009.03.005","volume":"3","author":"Frenken K.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1177\/030631277600600302","volume":"6","author":"Gilbert G. N.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/030631277700700112","volume":"7","author":"Gilbert G. N.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1086\/225469","volume":"78","author":"Granovetter M. S.","year":"1973","journal-title":"American Journal of Sociology"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/rest_a_00771"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1093\/jeg\/lbs052","volume":"14","author":"Heimeriks G.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Economic Geography"},{"key":"bib25","volume-title":"No place like home\u2014home bias in the dissemination of economic research articles","author":"Hellmanzik C.","year":"2018"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226360492.001.0001","volume-title":"Science as a process: An evolutionary account of the social and conceptual development of science","author":"Hull D. L.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bib27","volume-title":"The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology","author":"Jasanoff S.","year":"2020"},{"key":"bib28","volume-title":"The structure of scientific revolutions","author":"Kuhn T. S.","year":"1962"},{"key":"bib29","volume-title":"Science in action: How to follow scientists and engineers through society","author":"Latour B.","year":"1987"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02458391","volume":"43","author":"Leydesdorff L.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226487243.001.0001","volume-title":"Putting science in its place: Geographies of scientific knowledge","author":"Livingstone D. M.","year":"2003"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00191-014-0349-5","volume":"24","author":"Martinelli A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Evolutionary Economics"},{"key":"bib33","volume-title":"The sociology of science: Theoretical and empirical investigations","author":"Merton R. K.","year":"1973"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-90-481-8611-2","volume-title":"Geographies of science","author":"Meusburger P.","year":"2010"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1177\/030631285015004002","volume":"15","author":"Myers G.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007087404006430","volume":"38","author":"Naylor S.","year":"2005","journal-title":"British Journal for the History of Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(02)00093-8","volume":"32","author":"Nelson R. R.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/icc\/12.2.149","volume":"12","author":"Nightingale P.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Industrial and Corporate Change"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2004.08.008","volume":"33","author":"Nightingale P.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e110805","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110805","volume":"9","author":"Nomaler \u00d6.","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203265277","volume-title":"Inter-firm alliances: Analysis and design","author":"Nooteboom B.","year":"1999"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1435-5957.2007.00126.x","volume":"86","author":"Ponds R.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Papers in Regional Science"},{"key":"bib43","volume-title":"Trust in numbers: The pursuit of objectivity in science and public life","author":"Porter T. M.","year":"1995"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1177\/0309132507077081","volume":"31","author":"Powell R. C.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Progress in Human Geography"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib45","first-page":"365","volume":"3","author":"Rallet A.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Revue d\u2019Economie R\u00e9gionale et Urbaine"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1177\/030631284014004001","volume":"14","author":"Shapin S.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226148847.001.0001","volume-title":"A social history of truth: Civility and science in seventeenth century England","author":"Shapin S.","year":"1994"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1162\/posc_a_00484","volume":"3","author":"Shapin S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Perspectives on Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0020-2754.1998.00005.x","volume":"23","author":"Shapin S.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/0034340052000320842","volume":"39","author":"Torre A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Regional Studies"},{"issue":"23","key":"bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6454","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1521897113","volume":"113","author":"Van Bavel J. J.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21075","volume":"60","author":"Van Eck N. J.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2007.04.006","volume":"36","author":"Walsh J. P.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1177\/0309132509339841","volume":"33","author":"Whatmore S. J.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Progress in Human Geography"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2019.04.004","volume":"48","author":"Wuestman M. L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Research Policy"}],"container-title":["Quantitative Science Studies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mitpressjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1162\/qss_a_00058","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,30]],"date-time":"2022-10-30T19:59:12Z","timestamp":1667159952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/qss\/article\/1\/3\/1007-1016\/96088"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1162\/qss_a_00058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/qss_a_00058","relation":{},"ISSN":["2641-3337"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2641-3337","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}