{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T04:14:09Z","timestamp":1777263249840,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MIT Press","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]],"date-time":"2021-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":104,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["01PQ17001, M527600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01PQ17001, M527600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This paper examines the structure of scientific collaborations in Berlin as a specific case with a unique history of division and reunification. It aims to identify strategic organizational coalitions in a context with high sectoral diversity. We use publications data with at least one organization located in Berlin from 1996\u20132017 and their collaborators worldwide. We further investigate four members of the Berlin University Alliance (BUA), as a formerly established coalition in the region, through their self-represented research profiles compared with empirical results. Using a bipartite network modeling framework, we move beyond the uncontested trend towards team science and increasing internationalization. Our results show that BUA members shape the structure of scientific collaborations in the region. However, they are not collaborating cohesively in all fields and there are many smaller scientific actors involved in more internationalized collaborations in the region. Larger divides exist in some fields. Only Medical and Health Sciences have cohesive intraregional collaborations, which signals the success of the regional cooperation established in 2003. We explain possible underlying factors shaping the intraregional groupings and potential implications for regions worldwide. A major methodological contribution of this paper is evaluating the coverage and accuracy of different organization name disambiguation techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]],"date-time":"2021-04-17T00:58:13Z","timestamp":1618621093000},"page":"753-777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A quantitative view of the structure of institutional scientific collaborations using the example of Berlin"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3828-1533","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aliakbar","family":"Akbaritabar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (MPIDR), Laboratory of Digital and Computational Demography, Rostock, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Higher Education Research and Science Studies (DZHW), Berlin, Germany"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1177\/0308518X20933904","article-title":"Still in the shadow of the wall? The case of the Berlin biotechnology cluster","volume":"53","author":"Abbasiharofteh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025073014030674400_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-017-2606-5","article-title":"The conundrum of research productivity: A study on sociologists in Italy","volume":"114","author":"Akbaritabar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025073014030674400_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1177\/0162243920941588","article-title":"Gender patterns of publication in top sociological journals","volume":"46","author":"Akbaritabar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science, Technology, & Human Values"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-020-03555-w","article-title":"Italian sociologists: A community of disconnected groups","volume":"124","author":"Akbaritabar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025073014030674400_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-016-2092-1","article-title":"How collaboration impacts citation flows within the German science system","volume":"109","author":"Aman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025073014030674400_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-018-2895-3","article-title":"Does the Scopus author ID suffice to track scientific international mobility? A case study based on Leibniz laureates","volume":"117","author":"Aman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025073014030674400_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0176791","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176791","article-title":"Gender differences in scientific collaborations: Women are more egalitarian than men","volume":"12","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3505886","article-title":"International collaboration in higher education research: A gravity model approach","author":"Avdeev","year":"2019","journal-title":"SSRN Electronic Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025073014030674400_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s12108-999-1007-5","article-title":"Collaboration in sociology and other scientific disciplines: A comparative trend analysis of scholarship in the social, physical, and mathematical sciences","volume":"30","author":"Babchuk","year":"1999","journal-title":"The American Sociologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025073014030674400_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-019-0803-3","article-title":"Complex economic activities concentrate in large cities","volume":"4","author":"Balland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Human Behaviour"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib11","article-title":"Gemeinsam im Verbund (Together as a group)","author":"Berlin University Alliance","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib12","volume-title":"Berlin University Alliance Proposal Crossing Boundaries toward an Integrated Research Environment","author":"Berlin University Alliance","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-5836-0_4","article-title":"Social networks research in higher education","volume-title":"Higher education: Handbook of theory and research","author":"Biancani","year":"2013"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-3755-0","volume-title":"The social direction of the public sciences","author":"Blume","year":"1987"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025073014030674400_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/53.2.181","article-title":"The duality of persons and groups","volume":"53","author":"Breiger","year":"1974","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025073014030674400_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1177\/2399808318755146","article-title":"Defining urban agglomerations to detect agglomeration economies","volume":"46","author":"Cottineau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025073014030674400_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-020-03410-y","article-title":"Collecting large-scale publication data at the level of individual researchers: A practical proposal for author name disambiguation","volume":"123","author":"D\u2019Angelo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025073014030674400_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socnet.2013.04.004","article-title":"The use of different data sources in the analysis of coauthorship networks and scientific performance","volume":"35","author":"De Stefano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Social Networks"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00013","article-title":"Comparing institutional-level bibliometric research performance indicator values based on different affiliation disambiguation systems","volume":"1","author":"Donner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Quantitative Science Studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025073014030674400_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/030631283013002005","article-title":"Publication productivity among scientists: A critical review","volume":"13","author":"Fox","year":"1983","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025073014030674400_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02458432","article-title":"A bibliometric analysis of international scientific cooperation of the European Union (1985)","volume":"45","author":"Gl\u00e4nzel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025073014030674400_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2010.01.012","article-title":"Research collaboration at a distance: Changing spatial patterns of scientific collaboration within Europe","volume":"39","author":"Hoekman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025073014030674400_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00031","article-title":"Comparison of bibliographic data sources: Implications for the robustness of university rankings","volume":"1","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Quantitative Science Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02018100","article-title":"Geographical proximity and scientific collaboration","volume":"31","author":"Katz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(96)00917-1","article-title":"What is research collaboration?","volume":"26","author":"Katz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3152\/147154402781776961","article-title":"What do we measure by coauthorships?","volume":"11","author":"Laudel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Research Evaluation"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-081715-074219","article-title":"From sole investigator to team scientist: Trends in the practice and study of research collaboration","volume":"42","author":"Leahey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annual Review of Sociology"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025073014030674400_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0182516","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182516","article-title":"Detecting and analyzing research communities in longitudinal scientific networks","volume":"12","author":"Leone Sciabolazza","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1177\/016224399201700106","article-title":"Understanding patterns of international scientific collaboration","volume":"17","author":"Luukkonen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science, Technology, & Human Values"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025073014030674400_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02093972","article-title":"International scientific cooperation and awareness within the European community: Problems and perspectives","volume":"21","author":"Moed","year":"1991","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-006-0007-2","article-title":"Bibliometric monitoring of research performance in the Social Sciences and the Humanities: A review","volume":"66","author":"Nederhof","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"016131","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.64.016131","article-title":"Scientific collaboration networks. I. Network construction and fundamental results","volume":"64","author":"Newman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physical Review E"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"016132","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.64.016132","article-title":"Scientific collaboration networks. II. Shortest paths, weighted networks, and centrality","volume":"64","author":"Newman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physical Review E"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025073014030674400_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1140\/epjb\/e2004-00124-y","article-title":"Detecting community structure in networks","volume":"38","author":"Newman","year":"2004","journal-title":"The European Physical Journal B \u2013 Condensed Matter"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025073014030674400_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1700616114","article-title":"Opinion: Gender diversity leads to better science","volume":"114","author":"Nielsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib36","article-title":"Revised Field of Science and Technology (FOS) classification in the Frascati Manual (Classification, Field of science and technology classification, FOS, Frascati, Methodology, Research and development)","author":"OECD","year":"2007"},{"issue":"7136","key":"2025073014030674400_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05670","article-title":"Quantifying social group evolution","volume":"446","author":"Palla","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025073014030674400_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1177\/0042098018820241","article-title":"Knowledge proximity and firm innovation: A microgeographic analysis for Berlin","volume":"57","author":"Rammer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Urban Studies"},{"issue":"21","key":"2025073014030674400_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218701","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.93.218701","article-title":"Detecting fuzzy community structures in complex networks with a Potts model","volume":"93","author":"Reichardt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physical Review Letters"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025073014030674400_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1093\/reseval\/rvv038","article-title":"Evaluation practices and effects of indicator usea literature review","volume":"25","author":"Rijcke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Research Evaluation"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib41","volume-title":"Institutional disambiguation for further countries \u2013 an exploration with extensive use of Wikidata (project report)","author":"Rimmert","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s41109-019-0165-9","article-title":"CDLIB: A python library to extract, compare and evaluate communities from complex networks","volume":"4","author":"Rossetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Applied Network Science"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/7461.001.0001","volume-title":"Structures of scientific collaboration","author":"Shrum","year":"2007"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780190661427.001.0001","volume-title":"Someone to talk to","author":"Small","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-073018-022707","article-title":"The role of space in the formation of social ties","volume":"45","author":"Small","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annual Review of Sociology"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.17351\/ests2017.142","article-title":"How diversity matters in the US science and engineering workforce: A critical review considering integration in teams, fields, and organizational contexts","volume":"3","author":"Smith-Doerr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Engaging Science, Technology, and Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1002\/aris.2007.1440410121","article-title":"Scientific collaboration","volume":"41","author":"Sonnenwald","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib48","first-page":"91","volume-title":"Performance and structures of the German science system","author":"Stahlschmidt","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib49","volume-title":"Performance and structures of the German science system 2020","author":"Stephen","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1177\/016555158300600105","article-title":"Bibliometric studies of research collaboration: A review","volume":"6","author":"Subramanyam","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Information Science"},{"key":"2025073014030674400_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-38965-9_2","article-title":"BiMLPA: Community detection in bipartite networks by multi-label propagation","volume-title":"Proceedings of NetSci-X 2020: Sixth International Winter School and Conference on Network Science","author":"Taguchi","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"016114","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.84.016114","article-title":"Narrow scope for resolution-limit-free community detection","volume":"84","author":"Traag","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physical Review E"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025073014030674400_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5233","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41695-z","article-title":"From Louvain to Leiden: Guaranteeing well-connected communities","volume":"9","author":"Traag","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025073014030674400_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0131816","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131816","article-title":"The continuing growth of global cooperation networks in research: A conundrum for national governments","volume":"10","author":"Wagner","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"5827","key":"2025073014030674400_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1136099","article-title":"The increasing dominance of teams in production of knowledge","volume":"316","author":"Wuchty","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Quantitative Science Studies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/qss\/article-pdf\/2\/2\/753\/1930760\/qss_a_00131.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/qss\/article-pdf\/2\/2\/753\/1930760\/qss_a_00131.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T18:03:44Z","timestamp":1753898624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/qss\/article\/2\/2\/753\/100515\/A-quantitative-view-of-the-structure-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/qss_a_00131","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v4\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v4\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1162\/QSS_A_00131\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2641-3337"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2641-3337","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}