{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T03:59:33Z","timestamp":1768967973781,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TACL"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This paper presents the first model for time normalization trained on the SCATE corpus. In the SCATE schema, time expressions are annotated as a semantic composition of time entities. This novel schema favors machine learning approaches, as it can be viewed as a semantic parsing task. In this work, we propose a character level multi-output neural network that outperforms previous state-of-the-art built on the TimeML schema. To compare predictions of systems that follow both SCATE and TimeML, we present a new scoring metric for time intervals. We also apply this new metric to carry out a comparative analysis of the annotations of both schemes in the same corpus. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]],"date-time":"2018-12-10T19:32:50Z","timestamp":1544470370000},"page":"343-356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["From Characters to Time Intervals: New Paradigms for Evaluation and Neural Parsing of Time Normalizations"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Egoitz","family":"Laparra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ,"}]},{"given":"Dongfang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ,"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Bethard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ,"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00104","volume":"4","author":"Nichols Chiu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistic"},{"key":"p_6","first-page":"2493","volume":"12","author":"Collobert","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1145\/1017068.1017071","volume":"3","author":"Schilder Frank","year":"2004","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing (TALIP) - Special Issue on Temporal Information Processing"},{"issue":"2","key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s10579-012-9179-y","volume":"47","author":"Gertz Str\u00f6tgen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Language Resources and Evaluation"}],"container-title":["Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mitpressjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1162\/tacl_a_00025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T21:37:57Z","timestamp":1615585077000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/tacl\/article\/43436"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":4,"alternative-id":["10.1162\/tacl_a_00025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/tacl_a_00025","relation":{},"ISSN":["2307-387X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2307-387X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}}}