{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T19:42:21Z","timestamp":1765827741213},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"MIT Press","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TACL"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Probabilistic topic models are important tools for indexing, summarizing, and analyzing large document collections by their themes. However, promoting end-user understanding of topics remains an open research problem. We compare labels generated by users given four topic visualization techniques\u2014word lists, word lists with bars, word clouds, and network graphs\u2014against each other and against automatically generated labels. Our basis of comparison is participant ratings of how well labels describe documents from the topic. Our study has two phases: a labeling phase where participants label visualized topics and a validation phase where different participants select which labels best describe the topics\u2019 documents. Although all visualizations produce similar quality labels, simple visualizations such as word lists allow participants to quickly understand topics, while complex visualizations take longer but expose multi-word expressions that simpler visualizations obscure. Automatic labels lag behind user-created labels, but our dataset of manually labeled topics highlights linguistic patterns (e.g., hypernyms, phrases) that can be used to improve automatic topic labeling algorithms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,28]],"date-time":"2018-12-28T15:42:50Z","timestamp":1546011770000},"page":"1-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Evaluating Visual Representations for Topic Understanding and Their Effects on Manually Generated Topic Labels"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Alison","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland, College Park, MD,"}]},{"given":"Tak Yeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland, College Park, MD,"}]},{"given":"Forough","family":"Poursabzi-Sangdeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado, Boulder, CO,"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Boyd-Graber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado, Boulder, CO,"}]},{"given":"Niklas","family":"Elmqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland, College Park, MD,"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Findlater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland, College Park, MD,"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"key":"p_4","first-page":"993","volume":"3","author":"Blei David M.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1145\/2133806.2133826","volume":"55","author":"Blei David M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"5","key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-1286(03)00225-1","volume":"42","author":"Guha Ramanathan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Computer Networks"},{"key":"p_15","first-page":"1303","volume":"14","author":"Hoffman Matthew","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.21248\/jlcl.20.2005.68","volume":"20","author":"Hotho Andreas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal for Computational Linguistics and Language Technology"},{"issue":"3","key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-013-5413-0","volume":"95","author":"Hu Yuening","year":"2014","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"issue":"1","key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S63","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2016299","volume":"62","author":"Jelinek Fred","year":"1977","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"issue":"11","key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1145\/219717.219748","volume":"38","author":"Miller George A.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"1","key":"p_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1145\/102377.115768","volume":"11","author":"Shneiderman Ben","year":"1992","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Graphics"},{"issue":"4","key":"p_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ivs.9500099","volume":"4","author":"Yi Ji Soo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Information Visualization"}],"container-title":["Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mitpressjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1162\/tacl_a_00042","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T14:16:14Z","timestamp":1694528174000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/tacl\/article\/43384"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"references-count":10,"alternative-id":["10.1162\/tacl_a_00042"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/tacl_a_00042","relation":{},"ISSN":["2307-387X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2307-387X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}}}