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To address this challenge, we study the task of detecting whether a sentence has an idiomatic expression and localizing it when it occurs in a figurative sense. Prior research for this task has studied specific classes of idiomatic expressions offering limited views of their generalizability to new idioms. We propose a multi-stage neural architecture with attention flow as a solution. The network effectively fuses contextual and lexical information at different levels using word and sub-word representations. Empirical evaluations on three of the largest benchmark datasets with idiomatic expressions of varied syntactic patterns and degrees of non-compositionality show that our proposed model achieves new state-of-the-art results. A salient feature of the model is its ability to identify idioms unseen during training with gains from 1.4% to 30.8% over competitive baselines on the largest dataset.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T21:26:42Z","timestamp":1641245202000},"page":"1546-1562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Idiomatic Expression Identification using Semantic Compatibility"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ziheng","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL USA. zzeng13@illinois.edu"}]},{"given":"Suma","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL USA. spbhat2@illinois.edu"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2022010321263648200_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2005.02.004","article-title":"Deep lexical acquisition of verb\u2013particle constructions","volume":"19","author":"Baldwin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Computer Speech & Language"},{"key":"2022010321263648200_bib2","first-page":"267","article-title":"Multiword expressions","volume-title":"Handbook of Natural Language Processing","author":"Baldwin","year":"2010","edition":"Second Edition"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022010321263648200_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s10579-009-9081-4","article-title":"The WaCky wide web: A collection of very large linguistically processed web-crawled corpora","volume":"43","author":"Baroni","year":"2009","journal-title":"Language Resources and Evaluation"},{"key":"2022010321263648200_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-2014","article-title":"A corpus of non-native written English annotated for metaphor","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 2 (Short Papers)","author":"Klebanov","year":"2018"},{"key":"2022010321263648200_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1145\/3366423.3380198","article-title":"Leveraging sentiment distributions to distinguish figurative from literal health reports on Twitter","volume-title":"Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020","author":"Biddle","year":"2020"},{"key":"2022010321263648200_bib6","unstructured":"Philip Blunsom . 2007. 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