{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T20:11:40Z","timestamp":1779826300669,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MIT Press","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":116,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["500888779\/RU5534"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["500888779\/RU5534"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Interdisziplin\u00e4res Zentrum f\u00fcr Klinische\n                                Forschung, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen","award":["J111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J111"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["505539112\/KFO5024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["505539112\/KFO5024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["505539112\/SFB1483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["505539112\/SFB1483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["505539112\/FOR5534"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["505539112\/FOR5534"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KFO5024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFO5024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The neuropathological hallmark of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra resulting in a reduced striatal dopamine transporter (DaT) concentration. Radioligands can detect degeneration of nigrostriatal projections early in the disease course, but their clinical use is constrained by ionizing radiation exposure and the need for radiotracer production and associated logistics. In this study, we investigate whether a healthy DaT atlas can be predicted directly from native 7 Tesla (7T) multicontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a normative atlas as the supervised target for voxel-wise DaT density. Based on these results, we estimate the deviation of sporadic PD patients from the normative DaT atlas. Using this approach, we found that estimated DaT distributions in the putamen differ between PD patients and healthy controls, providing preliminary evidence that high-field advanced multispectral MRI could inform on neurochemical alterations in PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/imag.a.1241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T20:02:07Z","timestamp":1777320127000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multispectral 7 Tesla MRI as a potential predictor of dopamine\n                    transporter deficiency in Parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4754-1687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mert","family":"\u00d6zer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Egger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelika","family":"Mennecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armin","family":"Nagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moritz","family":"Zaiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederik Bernd","family":"Laun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnd","family":"D\u00f6rfler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8708-6809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"German","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(00)00321-X","article-title":"Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy\n                        of patients with parkinsonism","volume":"52","author":"Abe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Research\n                        Bulletin"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(89)90074-X","article-title":"The functional anatomy of basal ganglia\n                        disorders","volume":"12","author":"Albin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2023.103519","article-title":"Subregional analysis of striatum iron in Parkinson\u2019s\n                        disease and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder","volume":"40","author":"Alushaj","year":"2023","journal-title":"NeuroImage. Clinical"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1007\/s007020050124","article-title":"[123i]beta-cit and spect in essential\n                        tremor and parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"105","author":"Asenbaum","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of\n                        Neural Transmission"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b5","unstructured":"Ba, J.\n                                L.,\n                                Kiros, J.\n                                R., &\n                                Hinton, G.\n                                E. 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Medicine"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b25","unstructured":"Ioffe,\n                                S., &\n                                Szegedy,\n                                C.\n                        (2015). Batch normalization: Accelerating deep\n                        network training by reducing internal covariate shift.\n                        Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Machine\n                        Learning, 37,\n                        448\u2013456. https:\/\/proceedings.mlr.press\/v37\/ioffe15.html"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00196","article-title":"Neuromelanin imaging and dopaminergic\n                        loss in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Isaias","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in\n                        Aging Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25838","article-title":"Clinical applications of chemical exchange saturation\n                        transfer (CEST) MRI","volume":"47","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance\n                        Imaging"},{"issue":"9996","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61393-3","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"386","author":"Kalia","year":"2015","journal-title":"The\n                        Lancet"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnmrs.2018.06.001","article-title":"Pros and cons of ultra-high-field\n                        MRI\/MRS for human application","volume":"109","author":"Ladd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Progress in Nuclear\n                        Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-024-00631-3","article-title":"Diagnostic utility of 7T neuromelanin imaging of the\n                        substantia nigra in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Lakhani","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ\n                        Parkinson\u2019s Disease"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad346","article-title":"Synthesizing images of tau pathology from cross-modal\n                        neuroimaging using deep learning","volume":"147","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b32","unstructured":"Loshchilov,\n                                I., &\n                                Hutter,\n                                F.\n                        (2017). SGDR: Stochastic gradient descent with warm\n                        restarts. https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1608.03983"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b33","unstructured":"Loshchilov,\n                                I., &\n                                Hutter,\n                                F.\n                        (2019). 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(2017). Parkinson\u2019s\n                        disease in adults: Diagnosis and management (NICE Guideline NG71).\n                        https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng71"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2022.0147","article-title":"Correlation between neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and 18F-FP-CIT\n                        PET in early-stage Parkinson\u2019s disease: Utility of a voxel-wise\n                        analysis by using high-spatial-resolution MRI","volume":"19","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neurology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.10.1540","article-title":"A multicenter assessment of dopamine\n                        transporter imaging with DOPASCAN\/SPECT in parkinsonism","volume":"55","author":"Parkinson Study Group","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b41","article-title":"PyTorch: An imperative\n                        style","author":"Paszke","year":"2019","journal-title":"high-performance deep learning\n                        library"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b42","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit-learn: Machine learning in\n                        Python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning\n                        Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2008.2004426","article-title":"Combined volumetric and surface\n                        registration","volume":"28","author":"Postelnicu","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Medical\n                        Imaging"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424","article-title":"MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for\n                        Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"30","author":"Postuma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Movement\n                        Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285613511507","article-title":"Review of the use of MRI biomarkers in\n                        Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Pyatigorskaya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Therapeutic Advances in\n                        Neurological Disorders"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618435","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.618435","article-title":"Systematic review: Quantitative\n                        susceptibility mapping (QSM) of brain iron profile in neurodegenerative\n                        diseases","volume":"15","author":"Ravanfar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.08.066","article-title":"Dopamine release in the basal\n                        ganglia","volume":"198","author":"Rice","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.111.101626","article-title":"Quantification of dopamine transporter\n                        in human brain using PET with 18F-FE-PE2I","volume":"53","author":"Sasaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-017-0975-2","article-title":"Ultra high-field SWI of the substantia\n                        nigra at 7T: Reliability and consistency of the swallow-tail\n                        sign","volume":"17","author":"Schmidt","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Neurology"},{"key":"2026052615554098900_IMAG.a.1241-b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shmuely,\n                                H.,\n                                Rivlin,\n                                M., &\n                                Perlman,\n                                O.\n                        (2025). 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