{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T20:04:38Z","timestamp":1790280278171,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MIT Press","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":237,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF1AG083762"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF1AG083762"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain parenchyma and its exchange with interstitial fluid (ISF) are essential for maintaining homeostasis and clearing interstitial waste. However, the physiological forces driving parenchymal hydrodynamics remain unclear. Cardiac pulsation alone may be insufficient to drive parenchymal flow, while respiration has emerged as an additional contributor. To date, however, most respiration-related studies have focused on the ventricular system and spinal canal, leaving its influence on parenchymal hydrodynamics\u2014the site of waste production\u2014largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated whether parenchymal hydrodynamics are coupled with respiration during normal breathing, and how this coupling compares with that driven by cardiac pulsation. We used dynamic diffusion-weighted imaging (dynDWI) with a b-value of 150 s\/mm\u00b2 to capture incoherent fluid motion, quantified using the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Respiration and cardiac signals were simultaneously recorded using a respiratory belt and finger photoplethysmography (PPG). Temporal coupling strength and time delay between parenchymal hydrodynamics and physiological signals were assessed using TRACC-PHYSIO (Time-domain Resolution-Aligned Cross-Correlation) for physiological coupling. We found that temporal ADC fluctuations in the parenchyma were coupled to respiration, with a latency of 0.7 seconds, and exhibited a gray-to-white matter propagation pattern. Spatial coupling patterns differed between respiration and cardiac pulsation: respiration coupling was stronger in gray and white matter than in the perivascular subarachnoid space (PVSAS) and lateral ventricles (LV), whereas cardiac coupling predominated in the PVSAS and LV. Rebinning dynDWI into respiration cycles revealed parenchymal ADC peaked during inhalation and reached a minimum during exhalation. Together, these findings suggest that respiration contributes to driving parenchymal hydrodynamics and fluid-driving forces vary spatially across brain regions, with respiration and cardiac pulsation playing complementary roles in regulating brain fluid dynamics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/imag.a.1369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:01:51Z","timestamp":1787774511000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dynamic DWI detects respiratory modulation of brain parenchymal hydrodynamics"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4044-5629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam M.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States"},{"name":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaopeng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7885-4036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiuting","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States"},{"name":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0282955","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282955","article-title":"The effect of a novel AQP4 facilitator, TGN-073, on glymphatic transport captured by diffusion MRI and DCE-MRI","volume":"18","author":"Alghanimy","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17737984","article-title":"Paravascular spaces at the brain surface: Low resistance pathways for cerebrospinal fluid flow","volume":"38","author":"Bedussi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.11.059","article-title":"The respiration response function: The temporal dynamics of fMRI signal fluctuations related to changes in respiration","volume":"40","author":"Birn","year":"2008","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.04.048","article-title":"Relationship between respiration, end-tidal CO2, and BOLD signals in resting-state fMRI","volume":"47","author":"Chang","year":"2009","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.07.073","article-title":"Dynamics of respiratory and cardiac CSF motion revealed with real-time simultaneous multi-slice EPI velocity phase contrast imaging","volume":"122","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b7","article-title":"Quantifying brain-wide cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics using slow-flow-sensitized phase-contrast MRI","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2485","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3246-14.2015","article-title":"Inspiration is the major regulator of human CSF flow","volume":"35","author":"Dreha-Kulaczewski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12120584","article-title":"Quantitative measurement of brain perfusion with intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging","volume":"265","author":"Federau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1936.02770370017005","article-title":"Physiologic relationships between intrathoracic, intraspinal and arterial pressures","volume":"107","author":"Hamilton","year":"1936","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2024.120653","article-title":"Arterial pulsation dependence of perivascular cerebrospinal fluid flow measured by dynamic diffusion tensor imaging in the human brain","volume":"297","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606.e617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.11.027","article-title":"Norepinephrine-mediated slow vasomotion drives glymphatic clearance during sleep","volume":"188","author":"Hauglund","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-025-02073-3","article-title":"Region-specific drivers of CSF mobility measured with MRI in humans","volume":"28","author":"Hirschler","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-023-01327-2","article-title":"Glymphatic influx and clearance are accelerated by neurovascular coupling","volume":"26","author":"Holstein-R\u00f8nsbo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"issue":"147","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147ra111","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003748","article-title":"A paravascular pathway facilitates CSF flow through the brain parenchyma and the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid beta","volume":"4","author":"Iliff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1162\/imag_a_00091","article-title":"Detection of respiration-induced field modulations in fMRI: A concurrent and navigator-free approach","volume":"2","author":"Jaffray","year":"2024","journal-title":"Imaging Neuroscience"},{"issue":"8002","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07108-6","article-title":"Neuronal dynamics direct cerebrospinal fluid perfusion and brain clearance","volume":"627","author":"Jiang-Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10102","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66887-w","article-title":"Arterial pulsations drive oscillatory flow of CSF but not directional pumping","volume":"10","author":"Kedarasetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20867","article-title":"Quantification of cerebral arterial blood volume using arterial spin labeling with intravoxel incoherent motion-sensitive gradients","volume":"55","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X15622047","article-title":"Ultra-fast magnetic resonance encephalography of physiological brain activity\u2013glymphatic pulsation mechanisms?","volume":"36","author":"Kiviniemi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2568","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-06361-x","article-title":"Deep breathing couples CSF and venous flow dynamics","volume":"12","author":"Kollmeier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2018.10.007","article-title":"A novel MRI phantom to study interstitial fluid transport in the glymphatic system","volume":"56","author":"Komlosh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-022-00394-0","article-title":"Blood and cerebrospinal fluid flow oscillations measured with real-time phase-contrast MRI: Breathing mode matters","volume":"19","author":"Lagana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.12.062","article-title":"What can we see with IVIM MRI?","volume":"187","author":"Le Bihan","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.168.2.3393671","article-title":"Separation of diffusion and perfusion in intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging","volume":"168","author":"Le Bihan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/113.1.27","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow, blood volume and oxygen utilization. Normal values and effect of age","volume":"113","author":"Leenders","year":"1990","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0965232023","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0965-23.2023","article-title":"The effects of free breathing on cerebral venous flow: A real-time phase contrast MRI study in healthy adults","volume":"44","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2024.120988","article-title":"Cardiac and respiratory activities induce temporal changes in cerebral blood volume, balanced by a mirror CSF volume displacement in the spinal canal","volume":"305","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.04.003","article-title":"The Brain\u2019s Glymphatic System: Current controversies","volume":"43","author":"Mestre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4878","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07318-3","article-title":"Flow of cerebrospinal fluid is driven by arterial pulsations and is reduced in hypertension","volume":"9","author":"Mestre","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"8002","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07132-6","article-title":"Multisensory gamma stimulation promotes glymphatic clearance of amyloid","volume":"627","author":"Murdock","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1162\/imag_a_00192","article-title":"Using Respiratory Challenges to modulate CSF movement across different physiological pathways\u2014An fMRI study","volume":"2","author":"Nair","year":"2024","journal-title":"Imaging Neuroscience"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940140","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.940140","article-title":"Human CSF movement influenced by vascular low frequency oscillations and respiration","volume":"13","author":"Nair","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781351253765","volume-title":"McDonald\u2019s blood flow in arteries: Theoretical, experimental and clinical principles","author":"Nichols","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27748","article-title":"Influence of respiration-induced B0 variations in real-time phase-contrast echo planar imaging of the cervical cerebrospinal fluid","volume":"82","author":"Peters","year":"2019","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0288668","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0288668","article-title":"Are brain displacements and pressures within the parenchyma induced by surface pressure differences? A computational modelling study","volume":"18","author":"Piersanti","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"13","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4298","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25547","article-title":"Spectral analysis of physiological brain pulsations affecting the BOLD signal","volume":"42","author":"Raitamaa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00031.2020","article-title":"Fluid transport in the brain","volume":"102","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Physiological Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-018-0105-6","article-title":"Pulsatile flow drivers in brain parenchyma and perivascular spaces: A resistance network model study","volume":"15","author":"Rey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27632","article-title":"Mapping water exchange across the blood-brain barrier using 3D diffusion-prepared arterial spin labeled perfusion MRI","volume":"81","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-023-00445-0","article-title":"Pulsatile cerebral paraarterial flow by peristalsis, pressure and directional resistance","volume":"20","author":"Sharp","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910380211","article-title":"Evidence for the exchange of arterial spin-labeled water with tissue water in rat brain from diffusion-sensitized measurements of perfusion","volume":"38","author":"Silva","year":"1997","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116581","article-title":"Cardiac and respiration-induced brain deformations in humans quantified with high-field MRI","volume":"210","author":"Sloots","year":"2020","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29209","article-title":"Dynamic brain ADC variations over the cardiac cycle and their relation to tissue strain assessed with DENSE at high-field MRI","volume":"88","author":"Sloots","year":"2022","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X251316395","article-title":"Respiratory influence on cerebral blood flow and blood volume\u2014A 4D flow MRI study","volume":"45","author":"S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-018-1995-3","article-title":"Cardiac-gated intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the investigation of intracranial cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in the lateral ventricle: A feasibility study","volume":"60","author":"Surer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2025.121290","article-title":"Ultrafast complex-valued 4D fMRI reveals sleep-induced brain respiratory pulsation changes in both magnitude and phase signals","volume":"317","author":"Syv\u00e4oja","year":"2025","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29248","article-title":"Real-time imaging of respiratory effects on cerebrospinal fluid flow in small diameter passageways","volume":"88","author":"Toger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21136","article-title":"Real-time shimming to compensate for respiration-induced B0 fluctuations","volume":"57","author":"van Gelderen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549.e545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.10.033","article-title":"Vasomotion as a driving force for paravascular clearance in the awake mouse brain","volume":"105","author":"van Veluw","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9732","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46055-5","article-title":"Respiratory influence on cerebrospinal fluid flow\u2014A computational study based on long-term intracranial pressure measurements","volume":"9","author":"Vinje","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600398","article-title":"When perfusion meets diffusion: In vivo measurement of water permeability in human brain","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119362","article-title":"Cerebrovascular activity is a major factor in the cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics","volume":"258","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X251320902","article-title":"Dynamic diffusion-weighted imaging of intracranial cardiac impulse propagation along arteries to arterioles in the aging brain","volume":"45","author":"Wen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119464","article-title":"Assessing pulsatile waveforms of paravascular cerebrospinal fluid dynamics within the glymphatic pathways using dynamic diffusion-weighted imaging (dDWI)","volume":"260","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5048","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.5048","article-title":"Paravascular fluid dynamics reveal arterial stiffness assessed using dynamic diffusion-weighted imaging","volume":"37","author":"Wen","year":"2023","journal-title":"NMR in Biomedicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0730-725X(02)00563-5","article-title":"On the origin of respiratory artifacts in BOLD-EPI of the human brain","volume":"20","author":"Windischberger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5162","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.5162","article-title":"Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics: Current techniques and future advancements","volume":"37","author":"Wright","year":"2024","journal-title":"NMR in Biomedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-024-00572-2","article-title":"Coupled pulsatile vascular and paravascular fluid dynamics in the human brain","volume":"21","author":"Wright","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b60","article-title":"An fMRI approach to assess intracranial arterial-to-venous cardiac pulse delay in aging","volume":"3","author":"Wright","year":"2025","journal-title":"Imaging Neuroscience (Camb)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.70446","article-title":"TRACC-PHYSIO: Time-domain Resolution-Aligned Cross-Correlation to estimate PHYSIOlogical coupling and time delays in dynamic MRI","volume":"96","author":"Wright","year":"2026","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-8118-10-36","article-title":"Influence of respiration on cerebrospinal fluid movement using magnetic resonance spin labeling","volume":"10","author":"Yamada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25591","article-title":"Quantifying the influence of respiration and cardiac pulsations on cerebrospinal fluid dynamics using real-time phase-contrast MRI","volume":"46","author":"Yildiz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026092415552937400_IMAG.a.1369-b64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000120309.84666.AE","article-title":"Cerebral hemodynamics during the Valsalva maneuver: Insights from ganglionic blockade","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stroke"}],"container-title":["Imaging Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/imag\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1162\/IMAG.a.1369\/2622852\/imag.a.1369.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/imag\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1162\/IMAG.a.1369\/2622852\/imag.a.1369.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:55:39Z","timestamp":1790279739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/imag\/article\/doi\/10.1162\/IMAG.a.1369\/138560\/Dynamic-DWI-detects-respiratory-modulation-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":64,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/imag.a.1369","relation":{},"ISSN":["2837-6056"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2837-6056","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"IMAG.a.1369"}}