{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T11:44:28Z","timestamp":1792755868941,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MIT Press","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quality is known to impact and bias neuroanatomical estimates and downstream analysis, including case-control comparisons, and a growing body of work has demonstrated the importance of careful quality control (QC) and evaluated the impact of image and image-processing quality. However, the growing size of typical neuroimaging datasets presents an additional challenge to QC, which is typically extremely time and labour intensive. One of the most important aspects of MRI quality is the accuracy of processed outputs, which have been shown to impact estimated neurodevelopmental trajectories. Here, we evaluate whether the quality of surface reconstructions by FreeSurfer (one of the most widely used MRI processing pipelines) interacts with clinical and demographic factors. We present a tool, FSQC, that enables quick and efficient yet thorough assessment of outputs of the FreeSurfer processing pipeline. We validate our method against other existing QC metrics, including the automated FreeSurfer Euler number, two other manual ratings of raw image quality, and two popular automated QC methods. We show strikingly similar spatial patterns in the relationship between each QC measure and cortical thickness; relationships for cortical volume and surface area are largely consistent across metrics, though with some notable differences. We next demonstrate that thresholding by QC score attenuates but does not eliminate the impact of quality on cortical estimates. Finally, we explore different ways of controlling for quality when examining differences between autistic individuals and neurotypical controls in the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) dataset, demonstrating that inadequate control for quality can alter results of case-control comparisons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/imag_a_00022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T09:49:55Z","timestamp":1695376195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The impact of quality control on cortical morphometry comparisons in autism"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Saashi A.","family":"Bedford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Ortiz-Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna M.","family":"Schabdach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Costantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Tullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada"},{"name":"Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Piercy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Lifespan Brain Chart Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng-Chuan","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"The Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth & Family Mental Health and Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Autism Research Unit, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael V.","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Di Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Autism Center, Child Mind Institute, New York City, NY, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel A.","family":"Devenyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Mallar","family":"Chakravarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron F.","family":"Alexander-Bloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Seidlitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Baron-Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Cambridge Lifetime Asperger Syndrome Service (CLASS), Cambridgeshire and Peterborough, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.I.","family":"Bethlehem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081115561446800_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117585","article-title":"Is it time to switch your T1W sequence? 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