{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T05:33:05Z","timestamp":1784352785127,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MIT Press","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The P2 component of the auditory evoked potential has previously been shown to depend on the acoustic stimulus properties and prior exposure to the materials. Here, we show that it is also affected by acoustic changes, as P2 amplitudes were strongly enhanced in response to voice pitch changes with a stepwise pattern compared to dynamic pitch changes typical for natural speech, and also reflected the magnitude of these pitch changes. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that neither the P2 nor any other component is affected by the harmonicity of the materials. Despite no prior exposure and a weaker pitch, artificially created inharmonic versions of the materials elicited similar activity throughout the auditory cortex. This suggests that so-called harmonic template neurons observed in animal studies are either absent or do not exist in sufficient number in the human auditory cortex to detect their activity extracranially. Crucially, morphology as well as scalp maps and source reconstructions of the EEG data showed that the P2 appears to consist of two separate subcomponents. While the \u201cP2a\u201d was localised to the auditory cortex, the subsequent \u201cP2b\u201d included generators spread across the auditory cortex and association areas. The two subcomponents thus likely reflect processing at different stages of the auditory pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/imag_a_00160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T19:06:40Z","timestamp":1713899200000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The auditory P2 is influenced by pitch changes but not pitch strength and consists of two separate subcomponents"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Kurt","family":"Steinmetzger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Tinnitus Center, Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Rupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081116460474400_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117501","article-title":"Early cortical processing of pitch height and the role of adaptation and musicality","volume":"225","author":"Andermann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025081116460474400_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.06.065","article-title":"Neuromagnetic correlates of voice pitch, vowel type, and speaker size in auditory cortex","volume":"158","author":"Andermann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2025081116460474400_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/35002078","article-title":"Voice-selective areas in human auditory cortex","volume":"403","author":"Belin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025081116460474400_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03867","article-title":"The neuronal representation of pitch in primate auditory cortex","volume":"436","author":"Bendor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025081116460474400_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00281.2009","article-title":"Neural coding of periodicity in marmoset auditory cortex","volume":"103","author":"Bendor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025081116460474400_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7044","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhad020","article-title":"Temporal hierarchy of cortical responses reflects core-belt-parabelt organization of auditory cortex in musicians","volume":"33","author":"Benner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2025081116460474400_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2011.04.013","article-title":"Late auditory evoked potentials in elderly long-term hearing-aid users with unilateral or bilateral fittings","volume":"280","author":"Bertoli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hearing Research"},{"key":"2025081116460474400_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy267","article-title":"Is human auditory cortex organization compatible with the monkey model? 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