{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:00:45Z","timestamp":1772164845843,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MIT Press","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004189","name":"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Max Planck Research Group"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Max Planck Research Group"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An integral part of episodic retrieval is the reinstatement of neural activity that was present in the medial temporal lobe during encoding. However, neural memory representations do not remain static. Consolidation promotes the transformation of representations that are specific to individual episodes toward more generalized representations that reflect commonalities across episodes. Moreover, reward has been shown to augment episodic memory by enhancing consolidation, and it may accelerate the transformation of neural memory representations. We investigated this account with n = 40 human participants using fMRI and an associative memory task. They encoded pictures of objects, each with one of four recurring scenes. Two scenes led to high reward, and two led to low reward. The next day, participants encountered the objects again and retrieved the scenes from memory. Using representational similarity analysis, we demonstrate that retrieval is concurrently accompanied by the reinstatement of original neural representations and the activation of transformed, more generalized memories. Specifically, the parahippocampal cortex reinstates scene-specific patterns from the encoding phase during successful retrieval. In contrast, activity patterns in the medial prefrontal cortex and anterior hippocampus reflect transformed memories: They become more similar to each other for memories sharing the same scene, independent of memory success. Importantly, high reward enhances memory transformation in the anterior hippocampus. The brain thus maintains complementary memory representations: An episodic representation that resembles the original encoding pattern, and a generalized representation that summarizes commonalities across memories\u2014in part for particularly valuable information.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/imag_a_00476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T15:01:11Z","timestamp":1738335671000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Concurrent representations of reinstated and transformed memories and their modulation by reward"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5287-336X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidrun","family":"Schultz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Research Group Adaptive Memory, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany"},{"name":"Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Stoffregen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Research Group Adaptive Memory, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aroma","family":"Dabas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Research Group Adaptive Memory, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Alcobendas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Research Group Adaptive Memory, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7127-4899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roland G.","family":"Benoit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Research Group Adaptive Memory, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2999","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-015-1084-x","article-title":"Distinct hippocampal functional networks revealed by tractography-based parcellation","volume":"221","author":"Adnan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Structure & Function"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5795","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33517-0","article-title":"Schemas provide a scaffold for neocortical integration of new memories over time","volume":"13","author":"Audrain","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713.e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.11.024","article-title":"Entorhinal and ventromedial prefrontal cortices abstract and generalize the structure of reinforcement learning problems","volume":"109","author":"Baram","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3001275","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001275","article-title":"Intrinsic connectivity reveals functionally distinct cortico-hippocampal networks in the human brain","volume":"19","author":"Barnett","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Biology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2005479","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2005479","article-title":"Nonmonotonic recruitment of ventromedial prefrontal cortex during remote memory recall","volume":"16","author":"Barry","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tgab045","DOI":"10.1093\/texcom\/tgab045","article-title":"Detailed episodic memory depends on concurrent reactivation of basic visual features within the posterior hippocampus and early visual cortex","volume":"2","author":"Bone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex Communications"},{"issue":"47","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16982","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2475-12.2012","article-title":"Detecting representations of recent and remote autobiographical memories in vmPFC and hippocampus","volume":"32","author":"Bonnici","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2017.05.014","article-title":"Two years later\u2014Revisiting autobiographical memory representations in vmPFC and hippocampus","volume":"110","author":"Bonnici","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21288","article-title":"Contextual interaction between novelty and reward processing within the mesolimbic system","volume":"33","author":"Bunzeck","year":"2012","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.06.021","article-title":"Absolute coding of stimulus novelty in the human substantia nigra\/VTA","volume":"51","author":"Bunzeck","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22812","article-title":"Increased hippocampus to ventromedial prefrontal connectivity during the construction of episodic future events","volume":"28","author":"Campbell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4138","article-title":"Memory hierarchies map onto the hippocampal long axis in humans","volume":"18","author":"Collin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"issue":"49","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19373","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0414-13.2013","article-title":"Memory consolidation by replay of stimulus-specific neural activity","volume":"33","author":"Deuker","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b14","first-page":"509","article-title":"Chapter 27\u2014Representational similarity analyses: A practical guide for functional MRI applications","volume-title":"Handbook of behavioral neuroscience","author":"Dimsdale-Zucker","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.30.051606.094328","article-title":"The medial temporal lobe and recognition memory","volume":"30","author":"Eichenbaum","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-018-0235-4","article-title":"fMRIPrep: A robust preprocessing pipeline for functional MRI","volume":"16","author":"Esteban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b17","article-title":"","author":"Esteban","year":"2022","journal-title":"nipy\/nipype: 1.8.3"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b18","unstructured":"Esteban, O., Markiewicz, C. J., Goncalves, M., Kent, J. D., DuPre, E., Ciric, R., Salo, T., Pinsard, B., Blair, R. W., Poldrack, R. A., & Gorgolewski, K. J. (2022).fMRIPrep: A robust preprocessing pipeline for functional MRI [Computer software]. Zenodo. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.6476576"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3508","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhw157","article-title":"The human brainnetome atlas: A new brain atlas based on connectional architecture","volume":"26","author":"Fan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y.: 1991)"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2013.11.010","article-title":"What is a memory schema? A historical perspective on current neuroscience literature","volume":"53","author":"Ghosh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2017.04.013","article-title":"Neurobiology of schemas and schema-mediated memory","volume":"21","author":"Gilboa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"issue":"14","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.04.025","article-title":"No consolidation without representation: Correspondence between neural and psychological representations in recent and remote memory","volume":"109","author":"Gilboa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160044","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.44","article-title":"The brain imaging data structure, a format for organizing and describing outputs of neuroimaging experiments","volume":"3","author":"Gorgolewski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific Data"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2011.00013","article-title":"Nipype: A flexible, lightweight and extensible neuroimaging data processing framework in python","volume":"5","author":"Gorgolewski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.06.060","article-title":"Accurate and robust brain image alignment using boundary-based registration","volume":"48","author":"Greve","year":"2009","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.01.017","article-title":"Post-learning hippocampal dynamics promote preferential retention of rewarding events","volume":"89","author":"Gruber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.23154","article-title":"Interplay of the long axis of the hippocampus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex in schema-related memory retrieval","volume":"30","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.129","article-title":"The reward circuit: Linking primate anatomy and human imaging","volume":"35","author":"Haber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology: Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0255292","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0255292","article-title":"Brain activations associated with anticipation and delivery of monetary reward: A systematic review and meta-analysis of fMRI studies","volume":"16","author":"Jauhar","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2009.01.015","article-title":"The novelty exploration bonus and its attentional modulation","volume":"47","author":"Krebs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.05.004","article-title":"What learning systems do intelligent agents need? Complementary learning systems theory updated","volume":"20","author":"Kumaran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028681","article-title":"Generalization through the recurrent interaction of episodic memories: A model of the hippocampal system","volume":"119","author":"Kumaran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-1063(2000)10:4<420::AID-HIPO8>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Hippocampal-neocortical interaction: A hierarchy of associativity","volume":"10","author":"Lavenex","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2016.09.011","article-title":"Medial temporal lobe reinstatement of content-specific details predicts source memory","volume":"91","author":"Liang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640.e14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.06.012","article-title":"Human replay spontaneously reorganizes experience","volume":"178","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.12.015","article-title":"Decisions about the past are guided by reinstatement of specific memories in the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex","volume":"127","author":"Mack","year":"2016","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5972","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhaa172","article-title":"vmPFC drives hippocampal processing during autobiographical memory recall regardless of remoteness","volume":"30","author":"McCormick","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y.: 1991)"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e71309","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.71309","article-title":"Suppression weakens unwanted memories via a sustained reduction of neural reactivation","volume":"11","author":"Meyer","year":"2022","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.01.033","article-title":"Insight reconfigures hippocampal-prefrontal memories","volume":"25","author":"Milivojevic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Biology: CB"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38709-w","article-title":"Task state representations in vmPFC mediate relevant and irrelevant value signals and their behavioral influence","volume":"14","author":"Moneta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22177","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.22177","article-title":"Generalizable knowledge outweighs incidental details in prefrontal ensemble code over time","volume":"6","author":"Morrissey","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.08.076","article-title":"Deconvolving BOLD activation in event-related designs for multivoxel pattern classification analyses","volume":"59","author":"Mumford","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031992","article-title":"Consolidation power of extrinsic rewards: Reward cues enhance long-term memory for irrelevant past events","volume":"143","author":"Murayama","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology. General"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2011.01.001","article-title":"Money enhances memory consolidation\u2014But only for boring material","volume":"119","author":"Murayama","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4032-15.2016","article-title":"Selectivity in postencoding connectivity with high-level visual cortex is associated with reward-motivated memory","volume":"37","author":"Murty","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.01.042","article-title":"Effective connectivity within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex-hippocampus-amygdala network during the elaboration of emotional autobiographical memories","volume":"189","author":"Nawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.042978.116","article-title":"Reward retroactively enhances memory consolidation for related items","volume":"24","author":"Patil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b48","article-title":"Value shapes the structure of schematic representations in the medial prefrontal cortex","author":"Paulus","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioRxiv"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617704105080","article-title":"Asymmetry of the hippocampus and amygdala in MRI volumetric measurements of normal adults","volume":"10","author":"Pedraza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society: JINS"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.03.005","article-title":"Long-axis specialization of the human hippocampus","volume":"17","author":"Poppenk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/12.12.1342","article-title":"Volumetry of temporopolar, perirhinal, entorhinal and parahippocampal cortex from high-resolution MR images: Considering the variability of the collateral sulcus","volume":"12","author":"Pruessner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y.: 1991)"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e61077","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.61077","article-title":"Signed and unsigned reward prediction errors dynamically enhance learning and memory","volume":"10","author":"Rouhani","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1037\/xlm0000518","article-title":"Dissociable effects of surprising rewards on learning and memory","volume":"44","author":"Rouhani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"issue":"1711","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20160049","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0049","article-title":"Complementary learning systems within the hippocampus: A neural network modelling approach to reconciling episodic memory with statistical learning","volume":"372","author":"Schapiro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3112","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23520-2","article-title":"Endogenous memory reactivation during sleep in humans is clocked by slow oscillation-spindle complexes","volume":"12","author":"Schreiner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"14","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4716","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5126-11.2012","article-title":"Direct evidence for domain-sensitive functional subregions in human entorhinal cortex","volume":"32","author":"Schultz","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.053553.121","article-title":"Category-sensitive incidental reinstatement in medial temporal lobe subregions during word recognition","volume":"29","author":"Schultz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.053842.123","article-title":"A reward effect on memory retention, consolidation, and generalization?","volume":"30","author":"Schultz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ENEURO.0291","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0291-19.2019","article-title":"Content tuning in the medial temporal lobe cortex: Voxels that perceive, retrieve","volume":"6","author":"Schultz","year":"2019","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.053558.121","article-title":"Category-specific memory encoding in the medial temporal lobe and beyond: The role of reward","volume":"29","author":"Schultz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.80.1.1","article-title":"Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons","volume":"80","author":"Schultz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.05.006","article-title":"The hippocampus and related neocortical structures in memory transformation","volume":"680","author":"Sekeres","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3428","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23599","article-title":"Neural mechanisms underlying the reward-related enhancement of motivation when remembering episodic memories with high difficulty","volume":"38","author":"Shigemune","year":"2017","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b64","unstructured":"Singmann, H., Bolker, B., Westfall, J., Aust, F., & Ben-Shachar, M. S. (2021). afex: Analysis of Factorial Experiments (Version 1.0-1) [Computer software]. https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=afex"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b65","first-page":"1906","article-title":"The emergence of knowledge and how it supports the memory for novel related information","volume":"27","author":"Sommer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y.: 1991)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbt044","article-title":"Reward-enhanced memory in younger and older adults","volume":"69","author":"Spaniol","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences"},{"issue":"35","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14184","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1987-13.2013","article-title":"Reversible information flow across the medial temporal lobe: The hippocampus links cortical modules during memory retrieval","volume":"33","author":"Staresina","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"issue":"50","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18150","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4156-12.2012","article-title":"Episodic reinstatement in the medial temporal lobe","volume":"32","author":"Staresina","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4162","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24357-5","article-title":"Reward biases spontaneous neural reactivation during sleep","volume":"12","author":"Sterpenich","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.04.039","article-title":"Dynamic neural networks supporting memory retrieval","volume":"57","author":"St Jacques","year":"2011","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903500402","article-title":"Perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices of the macaque monkey: Cortical afferents","volume":"350","author":"Suzuki","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"issue":"3 Pt 2","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-03-01856.1994","article-title":"Topographic organization of the reciprocal connections between the monkey entorhinal cortex and the perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices","volume":"14","author":"Suzuki","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228.e5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.09.005","article-title":"Consolidation Promotes the Emergence of Representational Overlap in the Hippocampus and Medial Prefrontal Cortex","volume":"96","author":"Tompary","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107457","article-title":"The role of the pre-commissural fornix in episodic autobiographical memory and simulation","volume":"142","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00740","article-title":"Reinstatement of individual past events revealed by the similarity of distributed activation patterns during encoding and retrieval","volume":"27","author":"Wing","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.06.038","article-title":"Anticipation of novelty recruits reward system and hippocampus while promoting recollection","volume":"38","author":"Wittmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.01.010","article-title":"Reward-related FMRI activation of dopaminergic midbrain is associated with enhanced hippocampus-dependent long-term memory formation","volume":"45","author":"Wittmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b78","first-page":"564","article-title":"Accounting for the confound of meninges in segmenting entorhinal and perirhinal cortices in T1-weighted MRI","volume":"9901","author":"Xie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention: MICCAI \u2026 International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention"},{"key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839144","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.839144","article-title":"The effects of reward on associative memory depend on unitization depths","volume":"13","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021819554077900_imag_a_00476-b80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22627","article-title":"Automated volumetry and regional thickness analysis of hippocampal subfields and medial temporal cortical structures in mild cognitive impairment","volume":"36","author":"Yushkevich","year":"2015","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"}],"container-title":["Imaging Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/imag\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1162\/imag_a_00476\/2500485\/imag_a_00476.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/imag\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1162\/imag_a_00476\/2500485\/imag_a_00476.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T14:56:16Z","timestamp":1739890576000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/imag\/article\/doi\/10.1162\/imag_a_00476\/127793\/Concurrent-representations-of-reinstated-and"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":80,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/imag_a_00476","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2023.12.22.573008","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2837-6056"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2837-6056","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"imag_a_00476"}}