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Across a wide variety of motor behaviors, individuals with cerebellar damage show impairments in these corrections, strongly suggesting a key role of the cerebellum in sensorimotor adaptation. However, the extent to which the cerebellum is involved in controlling vocal pitch is currently unknown. Crucially, vocal pitch differs in several ways from other systems that suggest it relies more on feedback than feedforward control. Adaptation itself also differs in vocal pitch: Rather than the gradual buildup\/decay of learning seen in other systems, pitch adaptation and deadaptation are almost immediate. Together, this questions whether adaptation in vocal pitch relies on the same mechanism as other motor domains. Here, we test the hypothesis that the cerebellum underlies sensorimotor adaptation in vocal pitch, testing the domain generality of this neurocomputational process. In both sustained vocalization and a more natural word production task, individuals with cerebellar ataxia fail to adapt to external auditory perturbation of vocal pitch. The lack of adaptation observed, compared to the impaired but present adaptation seen in other systems, suggests that the cerebellum plays an especially critical role in maintaining accurate control of vocal pitch. Conversely, we failed to detect a previously observed increase in online compensation to vocal pitch errors in ataxia, potentially suggesting this may be an idiosyncratic change in control rather than a common trait in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.a.2630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T20:17:23Z","timestamp":1782332243000},"page":"1985-2007","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sensorimotor Adaptation of Vocal Pitch Is Impaired in Cerebellar Ataxia"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Anneke","family":"Slis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie della Cognizione, Padua, Italy"},{"name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Parrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091014210470300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0191839","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191839","article-title":"Sensorimotor adaptation of voice fundamental frequency in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"13","author":"Abur","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026091014210470300_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16860","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73932-1","article-title":"Adaptation to pitch-altered feedback is independent of one\u2019s own voice pitch sensitivity","volume":"10","author":"Alemi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"2026091014210470300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2021.02.016","article-title":"Changes in spoken and sung productions following adaptation to pitch-shifted auditory feedback","volume":"37","author":"Alemi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Voice"},{"key":"2026091014210470300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15191.2","article-title":"Raincloud plots: A multi-platform tool for robust data visualization","volume":"4","author":"Allen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Research"},{"key":"2026091014210470300_bib5","volume-title":"MuMIn: Multi-model inference","author":"Barto\u0144","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026091014210470300_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Software"},{"key":"2026091014210470300_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-018-5272-9","article-title":"Neural bases of sensorimotor adaptation in the vocal motor system","volume":"236","author":"Behroozmand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"2026091014210470300_bib8","unstructured":"Boersma, P., & Weenink, D. 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