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    <jats:p>Interregional communication within the human brain is essential for maintaining functional integrity. A promising approach for investigating how brain regions communicate relies on the assumption that the brain operates as a complex network. In this context, positron emission tomography (PET) images have been suggested as a valuable source for understanding brain networks. However, such networks are typically assembled through direct computation without accounting for outliers, impacting the reliability of group representative networks. In this study, we used brain [18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose PET data from 1,227 individuals in the Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) continuum from the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort to develop a novel method for constructing stable metabolic brain networks that are resilient to spurious data points. Our multiple sampling scheme generates brain networks with greater stability compared with conventional approaches. The proposed method is robust to imbalanced datasets and requires 50% fewer subjects to achieve stability than the conventional method. We further validated the approach in an independent AD cohort (n = 114) from S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil (Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo). This innovative method is flexible and improves the robustness of metabolic brain network analyses, supporting better insights into brain connectivity and resilience to data variability across multiple radiotracers for both health and disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/netn.a.23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T16:50:58Z","timestamp":1750092658000},"page":"1087-1109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Stable brain PET metabolic networks using a multiple sampling\n                    scheme"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Schu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, 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Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sulantha","family":"Mathotaarachchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, The McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Mental Health Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Rosa-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, The McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Mental Health Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Peter O\u2019Donnell Jr. Brain Institute (OBI), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre (UTSW), Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"de Paula Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Service, Centro de Diagnosticos por Imagem, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio Luiz","family":"de Souza Duran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil"},{"name":"Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Alberto","family":"Buchpiguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Service, Centro de Diagnosticos por Imagem, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur Martins","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM 43), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM 21), Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldo F.","family":"Busatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM 21), Department of Psychiatry, 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