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Seed-to-voxel functional connectivity analysis was conducted focusing on large-scale attention system brain networks, during an fMRI reading fluency task. Participants were 8- to 12-year-old English-speaking children with dyslexia (n = 43) and typical readers (n = 36) trained on an EFs-based reading training (n = 40) versus math training (n = 39). Training duration was 8 weeks. After the EFs-based reading intervention, children with dyslexia improved their scores in reading rate and visual attention (compared to math intervention). Neurobiologically, children with dyslexia displayed an increase in functional connectivity strength after the intervention between the cingulo-opercular network and occipital and precentral regions. Noteworthy, the functional connectivity indices between these brain regions showed a positive correlation with speed of processing and visual attention scores in both pretest and posttest. The results suggest that reading improvement following an EFs-based reading intervention involves neuroplastic connectivity changes in brain areas related to EFs and primary visual processing in children with dyslexia. Our results highlight the need for training underlying cognitive abilities supporting reading, such as EFs and visual attention, in order to enhance reading abilities in dyslexia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/netn_a_00335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T11:36:33Z","timestamp":1693913793000},"page":"1452-1482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Executive functions\u2013based reading training engages the cingulo-opercular and dorsal attention networks"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Nikolay","family":"Taran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Educational Neuroimaging Group, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rola","family":"Farah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Educational Neuroimaging Group, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmel","family":"Gashri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Educational Neuroimaging Group, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ester","family":"Gitman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Educational Neuroimaging Group, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keri","family":"Rosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley L.","family":"Schlaggar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0340-4708","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tzipi","family":"Horowitz-Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Educational Neuroimaging Group, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"},{"name":"Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2023121319571540000_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-5597(93)90011-D","article-title":"Electrophysiological studies of color processing in human visual cortex","volume":"88","author":"Allison","year":"1993","journal-title":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology\/Evoked Potentials Section"},{"key":"2023121319571540000_bib2","volume-title":"APA dictionary of psychology","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2007"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023121319571540000_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x20190033","article-title":"Executive functions in children with dyslexia","volume":"77","author":"Barbosa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023121319571540000_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s41465-020-00188-y","article-title":"MRI predictors of cognitive training outcomes","volume":"5","author":"Baykara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Enhancement"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023121319571540000_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13223","article-title":"The ventral attention network: The mirror of the language network in the right brain hemisphere","volume":"237","author":"Bernard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"2023121319571540000_bib6","volume-title":"Introduction to resting state fMRI functional connectivity","author":"Bijsterbosch","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023121319571540000_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1348\/026151009X485432","article-title":"Do tasks make a difference? 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