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Drawing from a wide range of neuroscientific evidence, including studies on nonhuman primates and human brain evolution, the article highlights the significance of the STS in linking auditory and visual modalities, particularly in the establishment of associative links between auditory inputs and visual stimuli. Furthermore, it explores the expansion of the human temporal lobe and its implications for the amplification of multisensory regions, emphasizing the role of these regions in the development of word-related concepts and semantic networks. We propose a posteroanterior gradient organization in the human temporal lobe, from low-level sensorimotor integration in posterior regions to higher-order, transmodal semantic control in anterior portions, particularly in the anterior temporal lobe. Overall, this perspective provides a comprehensive overview of the functional and evolutionary aspects of the STS and adjacent regions in multimodal integration and semantic cognition, offering valuable insights for future research in this field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/nol_a_00164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T16:12:44Z","timestamp":1739290364000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["From Multimodal Sensorimotor Integration to Semantic Networks: A Phylogenetic Perspective on Speech and Language Evolution"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5597-3067","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ma\u00ebva","family":"Michon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Praxiling Laboratory, UMR 5267, CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Paul Val\u00e9ry, Montpellier, France"},{"name":"Laboratory for Cognitive and Evolutionary Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Center for Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3253-8123","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Francisco","family":"Aboitiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Cognitive and Evolutionary Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Center for Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025050114550853400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Article 174","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00174","article-title":"A brain for speech. 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