{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T20:51:19Z","timestamp":1761598279353,"version":"3.30.1"},"reference-count":1,"publisher":"Medknow","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["smedj"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>INTRODUCTION There are concerns that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may worsen the outcomes of patients with COVID-19. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to study the in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients who were on ACEIs\/ARBs as compared to those not on ACEIs\/ARBs.  METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, clinicaltrials.gov and Google Scholar between 1 January 2020 and 30 May 2020 to identify all studies that evaluated the use of ACEIs\/ARBs and reported the in-hospital mortality outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Nine non-randomised studies were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. The primary outcome studied was the in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients who were on ACEIs\/ARBs compared with those not on ACEIs\/ARBs.  RESULTS Of the 8,313 patients in the nine studies, 7,622 (91.7%) were from studies with all-comers, while 691 (8.3%) were from studies involving only patients with hypertension. 577 (14.6%) in-hospital deaths were observed out of a total of 3,949 patients with an outcome in the nine studies. Overall, no significant difference was observed in the in-hospital mortality between patients on ACEIs\/ARBs and those not on ACEIs\/ARBs (odds ratio [OR] 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75\u20131.50; p = 0.73). Further sensitivity analysis in the hypertension group and the all-comers group showed similar results (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.58\u20131.32; p = 0.53 and OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.00\u20133.43; p = 0.05, respectively).  CONCLUSION We observed that ACEIs\/ARBs had no significant impact on the in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients and can be used safely in patients with indications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2020159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T07:07:28Z","timestamp":1606720048000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on in-hospital mortality among patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0246-8750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"XJ","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JCK","family":"Tay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SL","family":"Kui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AS","family":"Tin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0164-7925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"VH","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2581","reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"Mango, Cyril - Scott, Roger: The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor. Byzantine and Near Eastern History AD 284-813. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1997."}],"container-title":["Singapore Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.smj.org.sg\/article\/impact-angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitors-and-angiotensin-receptor-blockers-hospital","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T10:52:43Z","timestamp":1660042363000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.smj.org.sg\/article\/impact-angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitors-and-angiotensin-receptor-blockers-hospital"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"references-count":1,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11622\/smedj.2020159","relation":{},"ISSN":["0037-5675","2737-5935"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0037-5675"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2737-5935"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]}}}