{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T19:27:00Z","timestamp":1787945220624,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n An echocardiographic calcium score (ECS) predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. Its utility in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n This cross-sectional study assessed 125 patients on PD. The ECS (range 0\u20138) was compared between subjects with CVD and those without.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Among the subjects, 54 had CVD and 71 did not. Subjects with CVD were older (69 years vs. 56 years,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) (81.5% vs. 45.1%,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). They had lower diastolic blood pressure (72 mmHg vs. 81 mmHg,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), lower phosphate (1.6 mmol\/L vs. 1.9 mmol\/L,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.002), albumin (30 g\/L vs. 32 g\/L,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001), parathyroid hormone (34.4 pmol\/L vs. 55.8 pmol\/L,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.002), total cholesterol (4.5 vs. 4.9,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.047), LDL cholesterol (2.4 mmol\/L vs. 2.8 mmol\/L,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.019) and HDL cholesterol (0.8 mmol\/L vs. 1.1 mmol\/L,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.002). The ECS was found to be higher in subjects with CVD than in those without (2 vs. 1,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001). On multivariate analysis, only DM and age were independently associated with CVD.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The ECS was significantly higher in PD patients with CVD than in those without, reflecting a higher vascular calcification burden in the former. It is a potentially useful tool to quantify vascular calcification in PD patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2022052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T23:56:28Z","timestamp":1652399788000},"page":"379-384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of the relationship between cardiac calcification and cardiovascular disease using the echocardiographic calcium score in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Ho-Kwan","family":"Sin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping-Nam","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kin-Yee","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man-Wai","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuk-Fan","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwok-Chi","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuk-Yi","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lo-Yi","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing-Tung","family":"Kwok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Chun","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew 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