{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T03:09:25Z","timestamp":1782702565084,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Benef. Microbes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Recent research findings have established a close relationship between gut microbiota and atherosclerosis development; hence, focus has shifted towards modifying gut microbiota through probiotics administration. We thereby investigated the impact of <jats:italic>Limosilactobacillus fermentum<\/jats:italic> ACA-DC 179 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>) mice. Twelve-week-old ApoE<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> male and female mice were treated with low (10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> CFU\/mouse) or high (10<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup> CFU\/mouse) dose of <jats:italic>L. fermentum<\/jats:italic> ACA-DC 179 daily for 8 weeks. Microbiota of faeces during intervention and of gut content at study end was determined using classical microbiological and metataxonomic analyses. Additionally, blood serum biochemical markers and atherosclerotic lesions were evaluated in all animal groups. Classical microbiological analysis revealed high counts of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> spp. and <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic> spp. for both male and female animals, regardless the treatment; however, at study end, <jats:italic>L. fermentum<\/jats:italic> ACA-DC 179 high dose managed to significantly increase <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> spp. counts of faeces of male mice. Metataxonomic analysis of faeces and gut content revealed significant differences among animal groups regarding either intestinal compartment, namely jejunum, ileum or colon, or probiotic treatment. A decrease in <jats:italic>Lachnoclostridium<\/jats:italic> and an increase in <jats:italic>Erysipelatoclostridium<\/jats:italic> were observed in faecal samples following probiotic treatment. This effect was consistent with the results obtained for all gut compartment samples of mice receiving the high dose of <jats:italic>L. fermentum<\/jats:italic> ACA-DC 179. Concerning main metabolism-related blood biomarkers, triglycerides decreased in animal groups of both sexes receiving <jats:italic>L. fermentum<\/jats:italic> ACA-DC 179. Moreover, <jats:italic>L. fermentum<\/jats:italic> ACA-DC 179 high dose significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesions in both male and female mice. Overall, our findings indicate that <jats:italic>L. fermentum<\/jats:italic> ACA-DC 179 administration attenuated the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice supporting its beneficial potential in relevant human studies. Altered gut microbiota seems to play a significant role to this phenomenon and further studies should be conducted to elucidate underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1163\/18762891-bja00064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T04:56:48Z","timestamp":1743483408000},"page":"425-442","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Limosilactobacillus fermentum ACA-DC 179 oral administration attenuates atherosclerosis progression in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice through murine gut microbiota modulation"],"prefix":"10.1163","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1657-0054","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"I.","family":"Ferrocino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5871-2014","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"G.","family":"Zoumpopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/68995Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Lali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/68995Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3341-6956","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"R.","family":"Anastasiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/68995Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Agapaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histochemistry Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7282-1735","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"M.","family":"Kazou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/68995Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Konstantakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biopathology, Athens Naval Hospital, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0270-7088","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"E.","family":"Balafas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7830-3488","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"N.P.E.","family":"Kadoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Statistics in Medicine, BOTNAR Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4787-5106","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"N.","family":"Kostomitsopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8048-9421","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"E.","family":"Tsakalidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/68995Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"R000001","series-title":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","first-page":"171","article-title":"Microbial modulation of cardiovascular disease","volume":"16","author":"Brown, J.M.","unstructured":"Brown, J.M. and Hazen, S.L., 2018. 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