{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:48:41Z","timestamp":1787240921771,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Benef. Microbes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Antibiotic treatment regimens fail to address\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibiting resistance to multiple drugs, including the last resort antibiotic, colistin. The use of probiotics as candidates for alternative antimicrobial therapy or as a source of new antibiotics is considered as an emerging trend in therapeutics. Rejuvenating the human gut with probiotics offers an intriguing therapeutic approach in various enteric diseases. However, the precise role of probiotics in non-enteric infections, particularly those caused by colistin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    remains unresolved, prompting further comprehensive research. Therefore, we propose an innovative prophylactic approach using\n                    <jats:italic>Lacticaseibacilli<\/jats:italic>\n                    of human gut origin against this pathogen. Probiotic characterisation like tolerance to acid, bile and sodium chloride were performed to evaluate its gastric survival.\n                    <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    experiments revealed that non-neutralised cell-free supernatant (CFS) of\n                    <jats:italic>Lacticaseibacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    has the potential to inhibit pathogenic\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The observed growth reduction is suggestive of the cumulative effect of organic acids and other antimicrobial substances in CFS. The two\n                    <jats:italic>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates exhibited promising activity (with suspected proteinaceous heat labile molecules) against\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and those with better adhesion to CaCo-2 cell lines were selected for downstream studies. Scanning electron microscopic analysis of CFS treated pathogen cells revealed cell surface distortions and pore formations. The prophylactic potential of\n                    <jats:italic>Lacticaseibacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (live and heat-inactivated forms) in Balb\/c mice model showed a reduction in histopathological and microbiological alterations caused by\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , when compared with untreated pathogen control. Whole genome analysis of the potential probiotic isolate revealed the genome is devoid of any antibiotic resistance genes and other virulence markers indicating its safety\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Furthermore, the\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    pathogen inhibition results were reinforced by antiSMASH and BAGEL analysis, which predicted the presence of putative bacteriocin genes. Hence, this multiapproach research study has revealed a promising prophylactic probiotic from human gut microbiome against multi-drug resistant\n                    <jats:italic>K.\u00a0pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1163\/18762891-bja00065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T23:01:41Z","timestamp":1744239701000},"page":"443-463","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei from human gut microbiome against colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: in vitro, in vivo and probiogenomic\u00a0approaches"],"prefix":"10.1163","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Devika\u00a0J.","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathogen Biology Division, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/81754Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishnu\u00a0Sunil","family":"Jaikumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathogen Biology Division, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/81754Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India"},{"name":"Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia"},{"name":"SA Pathology Alliance, Adelaide, SA, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1105-2661","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Karthika","family":"Suryaletha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathogen Biology Division, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/81754Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India"},{"name":"Present address: Centre of Excellence in Microbiome, Govt. of Kerala, Trivandrum, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merin","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathogen Biology Division, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/81754Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathogen Biology Division, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/81754Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India"},{"name":"Present address: Centre of Excellence in Microbiome, Govt. of Kerala, Trivandrum, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swapna\u00a0R.","family":"Nath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/29384Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7634-8930","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sabu","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathogen Biology Division, https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/81754Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India"},{"name":"Present address: Centre of Excellence in Microbiome, Govt. of Kerala, Trivandrum, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"R000001","series-title":"Journal of Egyptian Public Health Association","article-title":"In vitro antibacterial effect of probiotics against Carbapenamase-producing multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates, Cairo, Egypt","volume":"10","author":"Abdelhalim, M.M.","unstructured":"Abdelhalim, M.M., Saafan, G.S., El-Sayed, H.S. and Ghaith, D.M., 2022. In vitro antibacterial effect of probiotics against Carbapenamase-producing multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates, Cairo, Egypt. Journal of Egyptian Public Health Association 10: 19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s42506-022-00114-4"},{"key":"R000002","series-title":"European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology","first-page":"3","article-title":"Further observations on penicillin. 1941","volume":"42","author":"Abraham, E.P.","unstructured":"Abraham, E.P., Chain, E., Fletcher, C.M., Florey, H.W., Gardner, A.D., Heatley, N.G. and Jennings, M.A., 1992. Further observations on penicillin. 1941. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 42: 3-9."},{"key":"R000003","series-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology","article-title":"Antagonistic mechanism of metabolites produced by Lactobacillus casei on lysis of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli","volume":"11","author":"Aditya, A.","unstructured":"Aditya, A., Peng, M., Young, A. and Biswas, D., 2020. Antagonistic mechanism of metabolites produced by Lactobacillus casei on lysis of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Frontiers in Microbiology 23: 11: 574422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2020.574422"},{"key":"R000004","series-title":"Foods","article-title":"Distribution of important probiotic genes and identification of the biogenic amines produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus PNW3","volume":"10","author":"Alayande, K.A.","unstructured":"Alayande, K.A., Aiyegoro, O.A. and Ateba, C.N., 2020. Distribution of important probiotic genes and identification of the biogenic amines produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus PNW3. 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BMC Genomics 8: 75. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2164-9-75"},{"key":"R000007","series-title":"Nucleic Acids Research","first-page":"W29","article-title":"antiSMASH 6.0: improving cluster detection and comparison capabilities","volume":"49","author":"Blin, K.","unstructured":"Blin, K., Shaw, S., Kloosterman, A.M., Charlop-Powers, Z., van Wezel, G.P., Medema, M.H. and Weber, T., 2021. antiSMASH 6.0: improving cluster detection and comparison capabilities. Nucleic Acids Research 49: W29-W35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkab335"},{"key":"R000008","series-title":"Methods in Molecular Biology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9877-7_20","article-title":"PlasmidFinder and in silico pMLST: Identification and typing of plasmid replicons in Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS)","volume":"2075","author":"Carattoli, A.","unstructured":"Carattoli, A. and Hasman, H., 2020. 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PLoS Pathogens 11 15(10): e1008072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008072"},{"key":"R000034","series-title":"Antibiotics","article-title":"Short chain fatty acids commonly produced by gut microbiota influence Salmonella enterica motility, biofilm formation, and gene expression","volume":"8","author":"Lamas, A.","unstructured":"Lamas, A., Regal, P., Vazquez, B., Cepeda, A. and Franco, C.M., 2019. Short chain fatty acids commonly produced by gut microbiota influence Salmonella enterica motility, biofilm formation, and gene expression. Antibiotics 8: 265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics8040265"},{"key":"R000035","series-title":"Journal of Dairy Research","first-page":"216","article-title":"Safety assessment of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716, a probiotic strain isolated from human milk","volume":"76","author":"Lara-Villoslada, F.","unstructured":"Lara-Villoslada, F., Sierra, S., Diaz-Ropero, M.P., Rodriguez, J.M., Xaus, J. and Olivares,\u00a0M., 2009. 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