{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T23:17:52Z","timestamp":1773098272329,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"8-9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Tonic immobility, or the ability to play dead, is widespread among vertebrates. It is a last line of defence against a threat, and usually follows physical restraint. Here, I report two lizards exhibiting tonic immobility in the presence of humans, but remarkably, without any handling or physical contact. These two lizards belonged to an invasive population of the Italian Wall Lizard (\n                    <jats:italic>Podarcis siculus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and both events took place in different years and situations, suggesting this behaviour may be more common than previously thought. There are rare documented cases of animals exhibiting this behaviour without handling; however, to my knowledge, this is the first description of a lizard displaying tonic immobility to humans, in the absence of handling. This is also the first incident of tonic immobility in the Italian Wall Lizard. I discuss these anecdotal events in the light of this invasive population inhabiting a highly urbanized location.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1163\/1568539x-bja10089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T23:01:21Z","timestamp":1618959681000},"page":"809-817","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Playing dead: lizards show tonic immobility without human handling"],"prefix":"10.1163","volume":"158","author":[{"given":"Isabel","family":"Damas-Moreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"R000001","series-title":"Herpetol. Notes","first-page":"859","article-title":"Records for mimicry and death-feigning in four lizards in the coastal region of the State of Amap\u00e1, Brazil","volume":"13","author":"Anaissi, J.S.C.","unstructured":"Anaissi, J.S.C., de Souza, A.E.O., Soeiro, A.L.S., Melo, F.S. & Campos, C.E.C. (2020). Records for mimicry and death-feigning in four lizards in the coastal region of the State of Amap\u00e1, Brazil.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetol. Notes 13: 859-861."},{"key":"R000002","series-title":"Anim. Behav.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(84)80173-6","article-title":"Is tonic immobility adaptive?","volume":"32","author":"Arduino, P.J.","unstructured":"Arduino, P.J. & Gould, J.L. (1984). Is tonic immobility adaptive?\u00a0\u2014 Anim. Behav. 32: 921-923. DOI:10.1016\/s0003-3472(84)80173-6.10.1016\/S0003-3472(84)80173-6"},{"key":"R000003","series-title":"Anim. Behav.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(88)80127-1","article-title":"Predator simulation and duration of death feigning in neonate hognose snakes","volume":"36","author":"Burghardt, G.M.","unstructured":"Burghardt, G.M. & Greene, H.W. (1988). Predator simulation and duration of death feigning in neonate hognose snakes.\u00a0\u2014 Anim. Behav. 36: 1842-1844. DOI:10.1016\/s0003-3472(88)80127-1.10.1016\/S0003-3472(88)80127-1"},{"key":"R000004","series-title":"Naturwissenschaften","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00114-008-0362-3","article-title":"Young fire ant workers feign death and survive aggressive neighbors","volume":"95","author":"Cassill, D.L.","unstructured":"Cassill, D.L., Vo, K. & Becker, B. (2008). Young fire ant workers feign death and survive aggressive neighbors.\u00a0\u2014 Naturwissenschaften 95: 617-624. DOI:10.1007\/s00114-008-0362-3.10.1007\/s00114-008-0362-3"},{"key":"R000005","series-title":"Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.","article-title":"Getting ahead: exploitative competition by an invasive lizard","volume":"74","author":"Damas-Moreira, I.","unstructured":"Damas-Moreira, I., Riley, J.L., Carretero, M.A., Harris, D.J. & Whiting, M.J. (2020). Getting ahead: exploitative competition by an invasive lizard.\u00a0\u2014 Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 74: 117. DOI:10.1007\/s00265-020-02893-2."},{"key":"R000006","series-title":"Anim. Behav.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2019.03.008","article-title":"Can behaviour explain invasion success? A comparison between sympatric invasive and native lizards","volume":"151","author":"Damas-Moreira, I.","unstructured":"Damas-Moreira, I., Riley, J.L., Harris, D.J. & Whiting, M.J. (2019). Can behaviour explain invasion success? A comparison between sympatric invasive and native lizards.\u00a0\u2014 Anim. Behav. 151: 195-202. DOI:10.1016\/j.anbehav.2019.03.008.10.1016\/j.anbehav.2019.03.008"},{"key":"R000007","series-title":"Herpetol. Rev.","first-page":"356","article-title":"Podarcis pityusensis (Ibiza Wall Lizard) death-feigning behavior","volume":"41","author":"Dappen, N.B.","unstructured":"Dappen, N.B. (2010). Podarcis pityusensis (Ibiza Wall Lizard) death-feigning behavior.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetol. Rev. 41: 356-358."},{"key":"R000008","series-title":"Brain. Res. Bull.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(01)00687-6","article-title":"Striato-amygdaloid transition area lesions reduce the duration of tonic immobility in the lizard Podarcis hispanica","volume":"57","author":"Davies, D.C.","unstructured":"Davies, D.C., Mart\u00ednez-Garc\u00eda, F., Lanuza, E. & Novejarque, A. (2002). Striato-amygdaloid transition area lesions reduce the duration of tonic immobility in the lizard Podarcis hispanica.\u00a0\u2014 Brain. Res. Bull. 57: 537-541. DOI:10.1016\/s0361-9230(01)00687-6.10.1016\/S0361-9230(01)00687-6"},{"key":"R000009","series-title":"Psychon. Sci.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03337874","article-title":"Tonic immobility as a fear response in lizards Anolis carolinensis","volume":"26","author":"Edson, P.H.","unstructured":"Edson, P.H. & Gallup, G.G. (1972). Tonic immobility as a fear response in lizards Anolis carolinensis.\u00a0\u2014 Psychon. Sci. 26: 27-28. DOI:10.3758\/bf03337874.10.3758\/BF03337874"},{"key":"R000010","series-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1918060117","article-title":"Evidence of tool use in a seabird","volume":"117","author":"Fayet, A.L.","unstructured":"Fayet, A.L., Hansen, E.S. & Biro, D. (2020). Evidence of tool use in a seabird.\u00a0\u2014 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 117: 1277-1279. DOI:10.1073\/pnas.1918060117.10.1073\/pnas.1918060117"},{"key":"R000011","series-title":"Am. Midl. Nat.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.2307\/2423988","article-title":"Behavioral aspects of feigned death in the opossum Didelphis marsupialis","volume":"81","author":"Francq, E.N.","unstructured":"Francq, E.N. (1969). Behavioral aspects of feigned death in the opossum Didelphis marsupialis.\u00a0\u2014 Am. Midl. Nat. 81: 556-558. DOI:10.2307\/2423988.10.2307\/2423988"},{"key":"R000012","series-title":"Copeia","first-page":"623","article-title":"Simulated predation and tonic immobility in Anolis carolinensis","author":"Gallup, G.G.","unstructured":"Gallup, G.G. (1973). Simulated predation and tonic immobility in Anolis carolinensis.\u00a0\u2014 Copeia: 623. DOI:10.2307\/1443142."},{"key":"R000013","series-title":"Psychol. Rec.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03394432","article-title":"Tonic immobility: the role of fear and predation","volume":"27","author":"Gallup, G.G.","unstructured":"Gallup, G.G. (1977). Tonic immobility: the role of fear and predation.\u00a0\u2014 Psychol. Rec. 27: 41-61. DOI:10.1007\/bf03394432.10.1007\/BF03394432"},{"key":"R000014","series-title":"Bol. Asoc. Herpetol. Esp.","first-page":"9","article-title":"Podarcis sicula (Lagartija italiana), primera cita para Portugal","volume":"12","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez de\u00a0la Vega, J.P.","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez de\u00a0la Vega, J.P., Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda, J.P., Garc\u00eda-Pulido, T. & Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda, G. (2001). Podarcis sicula (Lagartija italiana), primera cita para Portugal.\u00a0\u2014 Bol. Asoc. Herpetol. Esp. 12: 9."},{"key":"R000015","series-title":"J.\u00a0Comp. Psychol.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7036.121.2.123","article-title":"Death feigning by grass snakes (Natrix natrix) in response to handling by human \u201cpredators\u201d","volume":"121","author":"Gregory, P.T.","unstructured":"Gregory, P.T., Isaac, L.A. & Griffiths, R.A. (2007). Death feigning by grass snakes (Natrix natrix) in response to handling by human \u201cpredators\u201d.\u00a0\u2014 J.\u00a0Comp. Psychol. 121: 123-129. DOI:10.1037\/0735-7036.121.2.123.10.1037\/0735-7036.121.2.123"},{"key":"R000016","series-title":"Curr. Zool.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1093\/czoolo\/57.1.77","article-title":"Take only pictures, leave only\u2026 fear? The effects of photography on the West Indian anole Anolis cristatellus","volume":"57","author":"Huang, B.","unstructured":"Huang, B., Lubarsky, K., Teng, T. & Blumstein, D.T. (2011). Take only pictures, leave only\u2026 fear? The effects of photography on the West Indian anole Anolis cristatellus.\u00a0\u2014 Curr. Zool. 57: 77-82. DOI:10.1093\/czoolo\/57.1.77.10.1093\/czoolo\/57.1.77"},{"key":"R000017","series-title":"Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.","article-title":"A review of thanatosis (death feigning) as an anti-predator behaviour","volume":"72","author":"Humphreys, R.K.","unstructured":"Humphreys, R.K. & Ruxton, G.D. (2018). A review of thanatosis (death feigning) as an anti-predator behaviour.\u00a0\u2014 Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 72: 22. DOI:10.1007\/s00265-017-2436-8."},{"key":"R000018","series-title":"J.\u00a0Evol. Biol.","first-page":"1","article-title":"Death feigning as an adaptive anti-predator behaviour: further evidence for its evolution from artificial selection and natural populations","author":"Konishi, K.","unstructured":"Konishi, K., Matsumura, K., Sakuno, W. & Miyatake, T. (2020). Death feigning as an adaptive anti-predator behaviour: further evidence for its evolution from artificial selection and natural populations.\u00a0\u2014 J.\u00a0Evol. Biol.: 1-9. DOI:10.1111\/jeb.13641."},{"key":"R000019","series-title":"Psychol. Neurosci.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3922\/j.psns.2014.020","article-title":"Discrimination of anxiety- versus panic-like behavior in the wall lizard Tropidurus oreadicus","volume":"7","author":"Maximino, C.","unstructured":"Maximino, C., Carvalho, C.M. & Morato, S. (2014). Discrimination of anxiety- versus panic-like behavior in the wall lizard Tropidurus oreadicus.\u00a0\u2014 Psychol. Neurosci. 7: 227-231. DOI:10.3922\/j.psns.2014.020.10.3922\/j.psns.2014.020"},{"key":"R000020","series-title":"Herpetol. Notes","first-page":"1065","article-title":"Death-feigning as defensive behavior in blue-tailed microteiid lizard Micrablepharus atticolus","volume":"11","author":"Mesquita, G.S.","unstructured":"Mesquita, G.S., Ferraz, D., Ramalho, W.P., Machado, I.F. & Vaz-Silva, W. (2018). Death-feigning as defensive behavior in blue-tailed microteiid lizard Micrablepharus atticolus.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetol. Notes 11: 1065-1067."},{"key":"R000021","series-title":"Anim. Behav.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2012.04.030","article-title":"Escape behaviour of birds provides evidence of predation being involved in urbanization","volume":"84","author":"M\u00f8ller, A.P.","unstructured":"M\u00f8ller, A.P. & Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-\u00c1lamo, J.D. (2012). Escape behaviour of birds provides evidence of predation being involved in urbanization.\u00a0\u2014 Anim. Behav. 84: 341-348. DOI:10.1016\/j.anbehav.2012.04.030.10.1016\/j.anbehav.2012.04.030"},{"key":"R000022","series-title":"Herpetol. Bull.","first-page":"23","article-title":"Anti-predator behaviour in the Brazilian lizard Tropidurus itambere (Tropiduridae) on a rocky outcrop","volume":"120","author":"Nunes, J.V.","unstructured":"Nunes, J.V., Elisei, T. & Sousa, B.M. (2012). Anti-predator behaviour in the Brazilian lizard Tropidurus itambere (Tropiduridae) on a rocky outcrop.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetol. Bull. 120: 23-28."},{"key":"R000023","series-title":"Herpetologica","first-page":"333","article-title":"Ecological observations on the regal horned lizard (Phrynosoma solare) in Arizona","volume":"27","author":"Parker, W.S.","unstructured":"Parker, W.S. (1971). Ecological observations on the regal horned lizard (Phrynosoma solare) in Arizona.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetologica 27: 333-338."},{"key":"R000024","series-title":"Phyllomedusa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.11606\/issn.2316-9079.v15i2p191-194","article-title":"Death-feigning behavior in two species of Lygosoma (Squamata: Scincidae) from India","volume":"15","author":"Patel, H.","unstructured":"Patel, H., Naik, V. & Tank, S.K. (2016). Death-feigning behavior in two species of Lygosoma (Squamata: Scincidae) from India.\u00a0\u2014 Phyllomedusa 15: 191. DOI:10.11606\/issn.2316-9079.v15i2p191-194.10.11606\/issn.2316-9079.v15i2p191-194"},{"key":"R000025","series-title":"Anim. Behav.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(70)80052-5","article-title":"Tonic immobility in the lizard, Iguana iguana","volume":"18","author":"Prestrude, A.M.","unstructured":"Prestrude, A.M. & Crawford, F.T. (1970). Tonic immobility in the lizard, Iguana iguana.\u00a0\u2014 Anim. Behav. 18: 391-395. DOI:10.1016\/s0003-3472(70)80052-5.10.1016\/S0003-3472(70)80052-5"},{"key":"R000026","series-title":"Curr. Biol.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.08.051","article-title":"Thanatosis","volume":"24","author":"Rogers, S.M.","unstructured":"Rogers, S.M. & Simpson, S.J. (2014). Thanatosis.\u00a0\u2014 Curr. Biol. 24: R1031-R1033. DOI:10.1016\/j.cub.2014.08.051.10.1016\/j.cub.2014.08.051"},{"key":"R000027","series-title":"Front. Psychol.","article-title":"How to report anecdotal observations? A new approach based on a lesson from \u201cPuffin tool use\u201d","volume":"11","author":"S\u00e1ndor, K.","unstructured":"S\u00e1ndor, K. & Mikl\u00f3si, \u00c1. (2020). How to report anecdotal observations? A new approach based on a lesson from \u201cPuffin tool use\u201d.\u00a0\u2014 Front. Psychol. 11. DOI:10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.555487."},{"key":"R000028","series-title":"Am. Midl. Nat.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.2307\/2424542","article-title":"Death feigning by ducks in response to predation by red foxes (Vulpes fulva)","volume":"94","author":"Sargeant, A.B.","unstructured":"Sargeant, A.B. & Eberhardt, L.E. (1975). Death feigning by ducks in response to predation by red foxes (Vulpes fulva).\u00a0\u2014 Am. Midl. Nat. 94: 108. DOI:10.2307\/2424542.10.2307\/2424542"},{"key":"R000029","series-title":"J.\u00a0Herpetol.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.2307\/1562910","article-title":"Experimental predation on the leaf-frog Phyllomedusa rohdei by the water snake Liophis miliaris","volume":"8","author":"Sazima, I.","unstructured":"Sazima, I. (1974). Experimental predation on the leaf-frog Phyllomedusa rohdei by the water snake Liophis miliaris.\u00a0\u2014 J.\u00a0Herpetol. 8: 376. DOI:10.2307\/1562910.10.2307\/1562910"},{"key":"R000030","series-title":"Herpetol. Rev.","first-page":"156","article-title":"Body-flip and immobility behavior in regal horned lizards: a gape-limiting defense selectively displayed toward one of two snake predators","volume":"39","author":"Sherbrooke, W.C.","unstructured":"Sherbrooke, W.C. & May, C.J. (2008). Body-flip and immobility behavior in regal horned lizards: a gape-limiting defense selectively displayed toward one of two snake predators.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetol. Rev. 39: 156-162."},{"key":"R000031","series-title":"Copeia","first-page":"1114","article-title":"Blood-squirting variability in horned lizards (Phrynsoma)","author":"Sherbrooke, W.C.","unstructured":"Sherbrooke, W.C. & Middendorf, G.A. (2001). Blood-squirting variability in horned lizards (Phrynsoma).\u00a0\u2014 Copeia: 1114-1122."},{"key":"R000032","series-title":"Invasive species compendium","article-title":"Podarcis sicula","author":"Silva-Rocha, I.","unstructured":"Silva-Rocha, I. (2021). Podarcis sicula.\u00a0\u2014 In: Invasive species compendium. CAB International, Wallingford, available online at www.cabi.org\/isc."},{"key":"R000033","series-title":"Ital. J. Zool.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1080\/11250003.2012.680983","article-title":"Genetic data reveal a multiple origin for the populations of the Italian Wall lizard Podarcis sicula (Squamata: Lacertidae) introduced in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands","volume":"79","author":"Silva-Rocha, I.","unstructured":"Silva-Rocha, I., Salvi, D. & Carretero, M.A. (2012). Genetic data reveal a multiple origin for the populations of the Italian Wall lizard Podarcis sicula (Squamata: Lacertidae) introduced in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands.\u00a0\u2014 Ital. J. Zool. 79: 502-510. DOI:10.1080\/11250003.2012.680983.10.1080\/11250003.2012.680983"},{"key":"R000034","series-title":"J.\u00a0Fish Biol.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-1112.2005.00648.x","article-title":"Feigning death in the Central American cichlid Parachromis friedrichsthalii","volume":"66","author":"Tobler, M.","unstructured":"Tobler, M. (2005). Feigning death in the Central American cichlid Parachromis friedrichsthalii.\u00a0\u2014 J.\u00a0Fish Biol. 66: 877-881. DOI:10.1111\/j.0022-1112.2005.00648.x.10.1111\/j.0022-1112.2005.00648.x"},{"key":"R000035","series-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1922117117","article-title":"Tool-using puffins prickle the puzzle of cognitive evolution","volume":"117","author":"von Bayern, A.M.P.","unstructured":"von Bayern, A.M.P., Jacobs, I. & Osvath, M. (2020). Tool-using puffins prickle the puzzle of cognitive evolution.\u00a0\u2014 Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 117: 2737-2739. DOI:10.1073\/pnas.1922117117.10.1073\/pnas.1922117117"},{"key":"R000001","series-title":"Herpetol. Notes","first-page":"859","article-title":"Records for mimicry and death-feigning in four lizards in the coastal region of the State of Amap\u00e1, Brazil","volume":"13","author":"Anaissi, J.S.C.","unstructured":"Anaissi, J.S.C., de Souza, A.E.O., Soeiro, A.L.S., Melo, F.S. & Campos, C.E.C. (2020). Records for mimicry and death-feigning in four lizards in the coastal region of the State of Amap\u00e1, Brazil.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetol. Notes 13: 859-861."},{"key":"R000002","series-title":"Anim. Behav.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(84)80173-6","article-title":"Is tonic immobility adaptive?","volume":"32","author":"Arduino, P.J.","unstructured":"Arduino, P.J. & Gould, J.L. (1984). Is tonic immobility adaptive?\u00a0\u2014 Anim. Behav. 32: 921-923. DOI:10.1016\/s0003-3472(84)80173-6.10.1016\/S0003-3472(84)80173-6"},{"key":"R000003","series-title":"Anim. Behav.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(88)80127-1","article-title":"Predator simulation and duration of death feigning in neonate hognose snakes","volume":"36","author":"Burghardt, G.M.","unstructured":"Burghardt, G.M. & Greene, H.W. (1988). Predator simulation and duration of death feigning in neonate hognose snakes.\u00a0\u2014 Anim. Behav. 36: 1842-1844. DOI:10.1016\/s0003-3472(88)80127-1.10.1016\/S0003-3472(88)80127-1"},{"key":"R000004","series-title":"Naturwissenschaften","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00114-008-0362-3","article-title":"Young fire ant workers feign death and survive aggressive neighbors","volume":"95","author":"Cassill, D.L.","unstructured":"Cassill, D.L., Vo, K. & Becker, B. (2008). Young fire ant workers feign death and survive aggressive neighbors.\u00a0\u2014 Naturwissenschaften 95: 617-624. DOI:10.1007\/s00114-008-0362-3.10.1007\/s00114-008-0362-3"},{"key":"R000005","series-title":"Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.","article-title":"Getting ahead: exploitative competition by an invasive lizard","volume":"74","author":"Damas-Moreira, I.","unstructured":"Damas-Moreira, I., Riley, J.L., Carretero, M.A., Harris, D.J. & Whiting, M.J. (2020). Getting ahead: exploitative competition by an invasive lizard.\u00a0\u2014 Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 74: 117. DOI:10.1007\/s00265-020-02893-2."},{"key":"R000006","series-title":"Anim. Behav.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2019.03.008","article-title":"Can behaviour explain invasion success? A comparison between sympatric invasive and native lizards","volume":"151","author":"Damas-Moreira, I.","unstructured":"Damas-Moreira, I., Riley, J.L., Harris, D.J. & Whiting, M.J. (2019). Can behaviour explain invasion success? A comparison between sympatric invasive and native lizards.\u00a0\u2014 Anim. Behav. 151: 195-202. DOI:10.1016\/j.anbehav.2019.03.008.10.1016\/j.anbehav.2019.03.008"},{"key":"R000007","series-title":"Herpetol. Rev.","first-page":"356","article-title":"Podarcis pityusensis (Ibiza Wall Lizard) death-feigning behavior","volume":"41","author":"Dappen, N.B.","unstructured":"Dappen, N.B. (2010). Podarcis pityusensis (Ibiza Wall Lizard) death-feigning behavior.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetol. Rev. 41: 356-358."},{"key":"R000008","series-title":"Brain. Res. Bull.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(01)00687-6","article-title":"Striato-amygdaloid transition area lesions reduce the duration of tonic immobility in the lizard Podarcis hispanica","volume":"57","author":"Davies, D.C.","unstructured":"Davies, D.C., Mart\u00ednez-Garc\u00eda, F., Lanuza, E. & Novejarque, A. (2002). Striato-amygdaloid transition area lesions reduce the duration of tonic immobility in the lizard Podarcis hispanica.\u00a0\u2014 Brain. Res. Bull. 57: 537-541. DOI:10.1016\/s0361-9230(01)00687-6.10.1016\/S0361-9230(01)00687-6"},{"key":"R000009","series-title":"Psychon. Sci.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03337874","article-title":"Tonic immobility as a fear response in lizards Anolis carolinensis","volume":"26","author":"Edson, P.H.","unstructured":"Edson, P.H. & Gallup, G.G. (1972). Tonic immobility as a fear response in lizards Anolis carolinensis.\u00a0\u2014 Psychon. Sci. 26: 27-28. DOI:10.3758\/bf03337874.10.3758\/BF03337874"},{"key":"R000010","series-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1918060117","article-title":"Evidence of tool use in a seabird","volume":"117","author":"Fayet, A.L.","unstructured":"Fayet, A.L., Hansen, E.S. & Biro, D. (2020). Evidence of tool use in a seabird.\u00a0\u2014 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 117: 1277-1279. DOI:10.1073\/pnas.1918060117.10.1073\/pnas.1918060117"},{"key":"R000011","series-title":"Am. Midl. Nat.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.2307\/2423988","article-title":"Behavioral aspects of feigned death in the opossum Didelphis marsupialis","volume":"81","author":"Francq, E.N.","unstructured":"Francq, E.N. (1969). Behavioral aspects of feigned death in the opossum Didelphis marsupialis.\u00a0\u2014 Am. Midl. Nat. 81: 556-558. DOI:10.2307\/2423988.10.2307\/2423988"},{"key":"R000012","series-title":"Copeia","first-page":"623","article-title":"Simulated predation and tonic immobility in Anolis carolinensis","author":"Gallup, G.G.","unstructured":"Gallup, G.G. (1973). Simulated predation and tonic immobility in Anolis carolinensis.\u00a0\u2014 Copeia: 623. DOI:10.2307\/1443142."},{"key":"R000013","series-title":"Psychol. Rec.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03394432","article-title":"Tonic immobility: the role of fear and predation","volume":"27","author":"Gallup, G.G.","unstructured":"Gallup, G.G. (1977). Tonic immobility: the role of fear and predation.\u00a0\u2014 Psychol. Rec. 27: 41-61. DOI:10.1007\/bf03394432.10.1007\/BF03394432"},{"key":"R000014","series-title":"Bol. Asoc. Herpetol. Esp.","first-page":"9","article-title":"Podarcis sicula (Lagartija italiana), primera cita para Portugal","volume":"12","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez de\u00a0la Vega, J.P.","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez de\u00a0la Vega, J.P., Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda, J.P., Garc\u00eda-Pulido, T. & Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda, G. (2001). Podarcis sicula (Lagartija italiana), primera cita para Portugal.\u00a0\u2014 Bol. Asoc. Herpetol. Esp. 12: 9."},{"key":"R000015","series-title":"J.\u00a0Comp. Psychol.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7036.121.2.123","article-title":"Death feigning by grass snakes (Natrix natrix) in response to handling by human \u201cpredators\u201d","volume":"121","author":"Gregory, P.T.","unstructured":"Gregory, P.T., Isaac, L.A. & Griffiths, R.A. (2007). Death feigning by grass snakes (Natrix natrix) in response to handling by human \u201cpredators\u201d.\u00a0\u2014 J.\u00a0Comp. Psychol. 121: 123-129. DOI:10.1037\/0735-7036.121.2.123.10.1037\/0735-7036.121.2.123"},{"key":"R000016","series-title":"Curr. Zool.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1093\/czoolo\/57.1.77","article-title":"Take only pictures, leave only\u2026 fear? The effects of photography on the West Indian anole Anolis cristatellus","volume":"57","author":"Huang, B.","unstructured":"Huang, B., Lubarsky, K., Teng, T. & Blumstein, D.T. (2011). Take only pictures, leave only\u2026 fear? The effects of photography on the West Indian anole Anolis cristatellus.\u00a0\u2014 Curr. Zool. 57: 77-82. DOI:10.1093\/czoolo\/57.1.77.10.1093\/czoolo\/57.1.77"},{"key":"R000017","series-title":"Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.","article-title":"A review of thanatosis (death feigning) as an anti-predator behaviour","volume":"72","author":"Humphreys, R.K.","unstructured":"Humphreys, R.K. & Ruxton, G.D. (2018). A review of thanatosis (death feigning) as an anti-predator behaviour.\u00a0\u2014 Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 72: 22. DOI:10.1007\/s00265-017-2436-8."},{"key":"R000018","series-title":"J.\u00a0Evol. Biol.","first-page":"1","article-title":"Death feigning as an adaptive anti-predator behaviour: further evidence for its evolution from artificial selection and natural populations","author":"Konishi, K.","unstructured":"Konishi, K., Matsumura, K., Sakuno, W. & Miyatake, T. (2020). Death feigning as an adaptive anti-predator behaviour: further evidence for its evolution from artificial selection and natural populations.\u00a0\u2014 J.\u00a0Evol. Biol.: 1-9. DOI:10.1111\/jeb.13641."},{"key":"R000019","series-title":"Psychol. Neurosci.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3922\/j.psns.2014.020","article-title":"Discrimination of anxiety- versus panic-like behavior in the wall lizard Tropidurus oreadicus","volume":"7","author":"Maximino, C.","unstructured":"Maximino, C., Carvalho, C.M. & Morato, S. (2014). Discrimination of anxiety- versus panic-like behavior in the wall lizard Tropidurus oreadicus.\u00a0\u2014 Psychol. Neurosci. 7: 227-231. DOI:10.3922\/j.psns.2014.020.10.3922\/j.psns.2014.020"},{"key":"R000020","series-title":"Herpetol. Notes","first-page":"1065","article-title":"Death-feigning as defensive behavior in blue-tailed microteiid lizard Micrablepharus atticolus","volume":"11","author":"Mesquita, G.S.","unstructured":"Mesquita, G.S., Ferraz, D., Ramalho, W.P., Machado, I.F. & Vaz-Silva, W. (2018). Death-feigning as defensive behavior in blue-tailed microteiid lizard Micrablepharus atticolus.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetol. Notes 11: 1065-1067."},{"key":"R000021","series-title":"Anim. Behav.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2012.04.030","article-title":"Escape behaviour of birds provides evidence of predation being involved in urbanization","volume":"84","author":"M\u00f8ller, A.P.","unstructured":"M\u00f8ller, A.P. & Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-\u00c1lamo, J.D. (2012). Escape behaviour of birds provides evidence of predation being involved in urbanization.\u00a0\u2014 Anim. Behav. 84: 341-348. DOI:10.1016\/j.anbehav.2012.04.030.10.1016\/j.anbehav.2012.04.030"},{"key":"R000022","series-title":"Herpetol. Bull.","first-page":"23","article-title":"Anti-predator behaviour in the Brazilian lizard Tropidurus itambere (Tropiduridae) on a rocky outcrop","volume":"120","author":"Nunes, J.V.","unstructured":"Nunes, J.V., Elisei, T. & Sousa, B.M. (2012). Anti-predator behaviour in the Brazilian lizard Tropidurus itambere (Tropiduridae) on a rocky outcrop.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetol. Bull. 120: 23-28."},{"key":"R000023","series-title":"Herpetologica","first-page":"333","article-title":"Ecological observations on the regal horned lizard (Phrynosoma solare) in Arizona","volume":"27","author":"Parker, W.S.","unstructured":"Parker, W.S. (1971). Ecological observations on the regal horned lizard (Phrynosoma solare) in Arizona.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetologica 27: 333-338."},{"key":"R000024","series-title":"Phyllomedusa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.11606\/issn.2316-9079.v15i2p191-194","article-title":"Death-feigning behavior in two species of Lygosoma (Squamata: Scincidae) from India","volume":"15","author":"Patel, H.","unstructured":"Patel, H., Naik, V. & Tank, S.K. (2016). Death-feigning behavior in two species of Lygosoma (Squamata: Scincidae) from India.\u00a0\u2014 Phyllomedusa 15: 191. DOI:10.11606\/issn.2316-9079.v15i2p191-194.10.11606\/issn.2316-9079.v15i2p191-194"},{"key":"R000025","series-title":"Anim. Behav.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(70)80052-5","article-title":"Tonic immobility in the lizard, Iguana iguana","volume":"18","author":"Prestrude, A.M.","unstructured":"Prestrude, A.M. & Crawford, F.T. (1970). Tonic immobility in the lizard, Iguana iguana.\u00a0\u2014 Anim. Behav. 18: 391-395. DOI:10.1016\/s0003-3472(70)80052-5.10.1016\/S0003-3472(70)80052-5"},{"key":"R000026","series-title":"Curr. Biol.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.08.051","article-title":"Thanatosis","volume":"24","author":"Rogers, S.M.","unstructured":"Rogers, S.M. & Simpson, S.J. (2014). Thanatosis.\u00a0\u2014 Curr. Biol. 24: R1031-R1033. DOI:10.1016\/j.cub.2014.08.051.10.1016\/j.cub.2014.08.051"},{"key":"R000027","series-title":"Front. Psychol.","article-title":"How to report anecdotal observations? A new approach based on a lesson from \u201cPuffin tool use\u201d","volume":"11","author":"S\u00e1ndor, K.","unstructured":"S\u00e1ndor, K. & Mikl\u00f3si, \u00c1. (2020). How to report anecdotal observations? A new approach based on a lesson from \u201cPuffin tool use\u201d.\u00a0\u2014 Front. Psychol. 11. DOI:10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.555487."},{"key":"R000028","series-title":"Am. Midl. Nat.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.2307\/2424542","article-title":"Death feigning by ducks in response to predation by red foxes (Vulpes fulva)","volume":"94","author":"Sargeant, A.B.","unstructured":"Sargeant, A.B. & Eberhardt, L.E. (1975). Death feigning by ducks in response to predation by red foxes (Vulpes fulva).\u00a0\u2014 Am. Midl. Nat. 94: 108. DOI:10.2307\/2424542.10.2307\/2424542"},{"key":"R000029","series-title":"J.\u00a0Herpetol.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.2307\/1562910","article-title":"Experimental predation on the leaf-frog Phyllomedusa rohdei by the water snake Liophis miliaris","volume":"8","author":"Sazima, I.","unstructured":"Sazima, I. (1974). Experimental predation on the leaf-frog Phyllomedusa rohdei by the water snake Liophis miliaris.\u00a0\u2014 J.\u00a0Herpetol. 8: 376. DOI:10.2307\/1562910.10.2307\/1562910"},{"key":"R000030","series-title":"Herpetol. Rev.","first-page":"156","article-title":"Body-flip and immobility behavior in regal horned lizards: a gape-limiting defense selectively displayed toward one of two snake predators","volume":"39","author":"Sherbrooke, W.C.","unstructured":"Sherbrooke, W.C. & May, C.J. (2008). Body-flip and immobility behavior in regal horned lizards: a gape-limiting defense selectively displayed toward one of two snake predators.\u00a0\u2014 Herpetol. Rev. 39: 156-162."},{"key":"R000031","series-title":"Copeia","first-page":"1114","article-title":"Blood-squirting variability in horned lizards (Phrynsoma)","author":"Sherbrooke, W.C.","unstructured":"Sherbrooke, W.C. & Middendorf, G.A. (2001). Blood-squirting variability in horned lizards (Phrynsoma).\u00a0\u2014 Copeia: 1114-1122."},{"key":"R000032","series-title":"Invasive species compendium","article-title":"Podarcis sicula","author":"Silva-Rocha, I.","unstructured":"Silva-Rocha, I. (2021). Podarcis sicula.\u00a0\u2014 In: Invasive species compendium. CAB International, Wallingford, available online at www.cabi.org\/isc."},{"key":"R000033","series-title":"Ital. J. Zool.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1080\/11250003.2012.680983","article-title":"Genetic data reveal a multiple origin for the populations of the Italian Wall lizard Podarcis sicula (Squamata: Lacertidae) introduced in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands","volume":"79","author":"Silva-Rocha, I.","unstructured":"Silva-Rocha, I., Salvi, D. & Carretero, M.A. (2012). Genetic data reveal a multiple origin for the populations of the Italian Wall lizard Podarcis sicula (Squamata: Lacertidae) introduced in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands.\u00a0\u2014 Ital. J. Zool. 79: 502-510. DOI:10.1080\/11250003.2012.680983.10.1080\/11250003.2012.680983"},{"key":"R000034","series-title":"J.\u00a0Fish Biol.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-1112.2005.00648.x","article-title":"Feigning death in the Central American cichlid Parachromis friedrichsthalii","volume":"66","author":"Tobler, M.","unstructured":"Tobler, M. (2005). Feigning death in the Central American cichlid Parachromis friedrichsthalii.\u00a0\u2014 J.\u00a0Fish Biol. 66: 877-881. DOI:10.1111\/j.0022-1112.2005.00648.x.10.1111\/j.0022-1112.2005.00648.x"},{"key":"R000035","series-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1922117117","article-title":"Tool-using puffins prickle the puzzle of cognitive evolution","volume":"117","author":"von Bayern, A.M.P.","unstructured":"von Bayern, A.M.P., Jacobs, I. & Osvath, M. (2020). Tool-using puffins prickle the puzzle of cognitive evolution.\u00a0\u2014 Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 117: 2737-2739. DOI:10.1073\/pnas.1922117117.10.1073\/pnas.1922117117"}],"container-title":["Behaviour"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/journals\/beh\/158\/8-9\/article-p809_8.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/beh\/158\/8-9\/article-p809_8.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/beh\/158\/8-9\/article-p809_8.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T12:48:06Z","timestamp":1773060486000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/journals\/beh\/158\/8-9\/article-p809_8.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8-9"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/1568539x-bja10089","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-7959","1568-539X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-7959","type":"print"},{"value":"1568-539X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]}}}