{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:18:54Z","timestamp":1774311534355,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The potato cyst nematodes (PCN)<jats:italic>Globodera rostochiensis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>G. pallida<\/jats:italic>pose one of the greatest threats to potato crops worldwide and are subject to strict quarantine regulations in many countries. The identification of these<jats:italic>Globodera<\/jats:italic>species based on morphology may be ambiguous due to the variability of the main morphological features and the overlapping of the standard parameters in these two species; thus, confirmation<jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>molecular methods is recommended. Multiplex PCR with species-specific primers (ITS5\/PITSp4\u00a0+ PITSr3) allows both species to be distinguished. However, despite the development of molecular identification methods, the morphological approach remains useful as a complementary diagnostic technique. In this work, we report results of morphological and molecular analyses that were carried out in two<jats:italic>Globodera<\/jats:italic>species from Portuguese potato fields. The average morphometric values of 40 cysts and 40 second-stage juveniles were generally within the expected ranges for<jats:italic>G. pallida<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>G. rostochiensis<\/jats:italic>with some variations noted. Molecular analysis with multiplex PCR confirmed the morphometric identification. The present results confirmed the occurrence of two potato cyst nematode species,<jats:italic>G. rostochiensis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>G. pallida<\/jats:italic>. Surprisingly, the analysis of soils from Portuguese potato fields detected a greater number of samples infested with<jats:italic>G. pallida<\/jats:italic>, which is contrary to expectation as<jats:italic>G. rostochiensis<\/jats:italic>has been considered the most widespread species in Portugal. The distinction between the two species is therefore essential in order to detect their presence in the country with a view to re-evaluating the control measures implemented so far and adopting more effective practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1163\/15685411-00003094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,11]],"date-time":"2017-09-11T18:06:54Z","timestamp":1505153214000},"page":"883-889","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Morphological and molecular identification of the potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida in Portuguese potato fields"],"prefix":"10.1163","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Maria J.","family":"Camacho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior de Agronomia da Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agraria e Veterin\u00e1ria (INIAV, I.P.), Quinta do Marqu\u00eas, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Filomena","family":"N\u00f3brega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agraria e Veterin\u00e1ria (INIAV, I.P.), Quinta do Marqu\u00eas, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Arlindo","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior de Agronomia da Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Mota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NemaLab\/ICAAM, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Ambientais Mediterr\u00e2nicas & Dept. de Biologia, Universidade de \u00c9vora, N\u00facleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7002-554 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Dept. Ci\u00eancias da Vida, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, EPCV, C. Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria L.","family":"In\u00e1cio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agraria e Veterin\u00e1ria (INIAV, I.P.), Quinta do Marqu\u00eas, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"bibr1","first-page":"369","article-title":"Morphometric and molecular analysis of potato cyst nematodes from Serbia","volume":"11","author":"Ba\u010di\u0107","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zbornik Predavanj in Referatov"},{"key":"bibr2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1080\/01140671.1997.9513998","article-title":"Differentiation of Australasian potato cyst nematode (PCN) populations using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)","volume":"25","author":"Bulman","year":"1997","journal-title":"New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science"},{"key":"bibr3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1163\/156854102765216759","article-title":"Using RAPD markers to analyse genetic diversity in Portuguese potato cyst nematode populations","volume":"5","author":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nematology"},{"key":"bibr4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1163\/156854104323072928","article-title":"Characterisation of potato cyst nematode populations from Portugal","volume":"6","author":"Cunha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nematology"},{"key":"bibr5","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2478\/s11687-014-0201-3","article-title":"Molecular and morphological exploration of a mixed population of two potato-parasitizing nematode species, Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida","volume":"51","author":"Douda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Helminthologia"},{"key":"bibr7","first-page":"354","article-title":"Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida PM 7\/40 (3). 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