{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T12:08:21Z","timestamp":1776427701435,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Afr Asian Stud"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title><jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold><\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The way in which the history of colonialism might link up with the formation of postcolonial migrant identities remains insufficiently examined. Through a comparison between transnational business practices of Khoja Ismaili Muslim settled in the British and Portuguese colonial territories of East Africa and in contemporary Angola, the present paper aims to discuss the impact of colonial experiences in the configuration of postcolonial business cultures. Articulating several guiding empirical questions, we will attempt to show that the continuing centrality of the nation-states in which Ismaili transnational economic activities are embedded, the notion of a disadvantageous network closure, concomitant with the importance of face-to-face contacts, the mutual trust and understanding sustained through personal relations, and the tendency for national loyalty to prevail over religious belonging (whenever any potential conflict between the two exists) constitute crucial dimensions of an accumulated colonial knowledge which is significant in the analysis of the Ismaili competitive advantage in postcolonial Africa. This argument will be developed on the basis of a multi-sited ethnographic research. The U.K. and Portugal emerged as a strategic passage for our encounters with East African Ismailis from former British and Portuguese colonial territories. The current Angolan context, absent from the available literature, was selected as a postcolonial term of comparison.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1163\/15692108-12341263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,10]],"date-time":"2013-10-10T15:53:55Z","timestamp":1381420435000},"page":"215-244","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["What\u2019s New About Muslim Ismaili Transnationalism? Comparing Business Practices in British East Africa, Colonial Mozambique and Contemporary Angola"],"prefix":"10.1163","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Susana Salvaterra","family":"Trov\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u200esst@fcsh.unl.pt"}]},{"given":"Filomena","family":"Bator\u00e9u","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, New University of Lisbon"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"bibr1","series-title":"Angola 2005: Surfing the Oil Market","author":"Aguilar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aguilar\nRenato\n\nAngola 2005: Surfing the Oil Market\n2006\nStockholm\nDepartment of Economics, University of Gothenburg"},{"key":"bibr2","series-title":"Environment and Planning D: Society and Space","first-page":"87","article-title":"\u201cLearning and adaptation in decentralised business networks.\u201d","volume":"17","author":"Amin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Amin\nAsh\nCohendet\nPatrick\n\n\u201cLearning and adaptation in decentralised business networks.\u201d\nEnvironment and Planning D: Society and Space\n1999\n17\n87\n104"},{"key":"bibr3","series-title":"Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization","author":"Appadurai","year":"1996","unstructured":"Appadurai\nArjun\n\nModernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization\n1996\nMinneapolis\nUniversity of Minnesota Press"},{"key":"bibr4","series-title":"Identity Processes and Dynamics in Multiethnic Europe","first-page":"313","article-title":"\u201cWhat are we talking about when we talk about identities.\u201d","author":"Bastos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bastos\nJos\u00e9\nBastos\nSusana T.\n\n\nWestin\nCharles\nBastos\nJos\u00e9\nDahinden\nJanine\nGois\nPedro\n\n\u201cWhat are we talking about when we talk about identities.\u201d\nIdentity Processes and Dynamics in Multiethnic Europe\n2010\nAmsterdam\nAmsterdam University Press\n313\n358"},{"key":"bibr5","series-title":"African Migrations: Historical Perspectives and Contemporary Dynamics","first-page":"277","article-title":"\u201cIndian Transnationalims in colonial and postcolonial Mozambique.\u201d","volume":"8","author":"Bastos","year":"2005a","unstructured":"Bastos\nSusana T.\n\n\nBilger\nVeronika\nKraler\nAlbert\n\n\u201cIndian Transnationalims in colonial and postcolonial Mozambique.\u201d\nAfrican Migrations: Historical Perspectives and Contemporary Dynamics\n2005a\n8\nAustria\nDepartment of African Studies, University of Vienna\n277\n306\n(special issue),  Vienna Journal of African Studies"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"bibr6","series-title":"Lusotopie","first-page":"109","article-title":"\u201c\u00abHierarchical alterity is a mere illusion\u00bb: Some reflections on the creative power of women\u2019s expressive traditions in Hindu Diaspora\u201d","volume":"XII","author":"Bastos","year":"2005b","unstructured":"Bastos\nSusana T.\n\n\nMoorman\nMarissa\nSheldon\nKahleen\n\n\u201c\u00abHierarchical alterity is a mere illusion\u00bb: Some reflections on the creative power of women\u2019s expressive traditions in Hindu Diaspora\u201d\nLusotopie\n2005b\nXII\n1\/2\nLeyde-Boston\nBrill\n109\n124\nGendered Social Relationships\n(also available on line at http:\/\/www.lusotopie.sciencespobordeaux.fr)"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr7","series-title":"Lusotopie","first-page":"77","article-title":"\u201cAmbivalence and Phantasm in the Portuguese Colonial Discursive Production\u201d","volume":"XV","author":"Bastos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bastos\nSusana T.\n\n\nLeite\nJoana Pereira\nKhouri\nNicole\n\n\u201cAmbivalence and Phantasm in the Portuguese Colonial Discursive Production\u201d\nLusotopie\n2008\nXV\n1\nLeyde-Boston\nBrill\n77\n98\nIndians of Mozambique and Eastern Africa\n(also available on line at http:\/\/www.lusotopie.sciencespobordeaux.fr)"},{"key":"bibr8","series-title":"The Location of Culture","author":"Bhabha","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bhabha\nHomi\n\nThe Location of Culture\n1994\nLondon\nRoutledge"},{"key":"bibr9","series-title":"Angola\u2019s political economy 1975-85","author":"Bhagavan","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bhagavan\nM. R.\n\nAngola\u2019s political economy 1975-85\n1986\nUppsala\nScandinavian Institute of African Studies"},{"key":"bibr10","series-title":"Comparing Postcolonial Diasporas","first-page":"37","article-title":"\u201cPostcolonial Studies in the Context of the Diasporic Netherlands.\u201d","author":"Boehmer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Boehmer\nElleke\nGouda\nFrances\n\n\nKeown\nMichelle\nMurphy\nDavid\nProcter\nJames\n\n\u201cPostcolonial Studies in the Context of the Diasporic Netherlands.\u201d\nComparing Postcolonial Diasporas\n2009\nLondon\/New York\nPalgrave\/Macmillan\n37\n55"},{"key":"bibr11","series-title":"O Modo Portugu\u00eas de Estar no Mundo\u2014O Luso-tropicalismo e a ideologia colonial portuguesa","author":"Castelo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Castelo\nCl\u00e1udia\n\nO Modo Portugu\u00eas de Estar no Mundo\u2014O Luso-tropicalismo e a ideologia colonial portuguesa\n1999\nPorto\nEdi\u00e7\u00f5es Afrontamento"},{"issue":"n\u00ba 4","key":"bibr12","series-title":"Indian Ocean Review","first-page":"18","article-title":"\u201cIndian Business Communities in the Western Indian Ocean in the Nineteenth Century.\u201d","volume":"2","author":"Clarence-Smith","year":"1989","unstructured":"Clarence-Smith\nWilliam G.\n\n\u201cIndian Business Communities in the Western Indian Ocean in the Nineteenth Century.\u201d\nIndian Ocean Review\n1989\n2\nn\u00ba 4\n18\n21"},{"key":"bibr13","series-title":"The Ismailis: Their History and Doctrines","author":"Daftary","year":"2000","unstructured":"Daftary\nFarhad\n\nThe Ismailis: Their History and Doctrines\n2000\nCambridge\nCambridge University Press"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr14","series-title":"Global Networks","first-page":"89","article-title":"\u201cChains and networks, territories and scales: Towards a relational framework for analysing the global economy.\u201d","volume":"1","author":"Dicken","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dicken\nPeter\nKelly\nPhilip F.\nOlds\nKris\nWai-Chung Yeung\nHenry\n\n\u201cChains and networks, territories and scales: Towards a relational framework for analysing the global economy.\u201d\nGlobal Networks\n2001\n1\n2\n89\n112"},{"key":"bibr15","series-title":"Entreprises et entrepreneurs africains","author":"Ellis","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ellis\nStephen\nYves-Andr\u00e9\nFaur\u00e9\n\nEntreprises et entrepreneurs africains\n1995\nParis\nKarthala, Orstom"},{"key":"bibr16","series-title":"The Last Empire: Thirty-Years of Portuguese Decolonization","first-page":"127","article-title":"\u201cThe Empire is dead, long live the EU\u201d","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Figueiredo\nAnt\u00f3nio\n\n\nLloyd-Jones\nStewart\nPinto\nAnt\u00f3nio Costa\n\n\u201cThe Empire is dead, long live the EU\u201d\nThe Last Empire: Thirty-Years of Portuguese Decolonization\n2003\nBristol\nIntellect Books\n127\n144"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr17","series-title":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","first-page":"335","article-title":"\u201cWhat\u2019s new about transnationalism? New York immigrants today and at the turn of the century.\u201d","volume":"6","author":"Foner","year":"1997","unstructured":"Foner\nNancy\n\n\u201cWhat\u2019s new about transnationalism? New York immigrants today and at the turn of the century.\u201d\nDiaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies\n1997\n6\n3\n335\n375"},{"key":"bibr18","series-title":"American Journal of Sociology","first-page":"481","article-title":"\u201cEconomic action and social structure: The problem of embeddedness\u201d","volume":"91","author":"Granovetter","year":"1985","unstructured":"Granovetter\nMark S.\n\n\u201cEconomic action and social structure: The problem of embeddedness\u201d\nAmerican Journal of Sociology\n1985\n91\n481\n510"},{"key":"bibr19","series-title":"South Asians in East Africa. An Economic and Social History 1890-1980","author":"Gregory","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gregory\nRobert\n\nSouth Asians in East Africa. An Economic and Social History 1890-1980\n1993\nBoulder\nWestview Press"},{"key":"bibr20","series-title":"The Family in Question: Immigrant and Ethnic Minorities in Multicultural Europe","author":"Grillo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grillo\nRalph\n\nThe Family in Question: Immigrant and Ethnic Minorities in Multicultural Europe\n2008\nAmsterdam\nAmsterdam University Press"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr21","series-title":"International Migration Review","first-page":"666","article-title":"\u201cThe economics of transnational living.\u201d","volume":"37","author":"Guarnizo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Guarnizo\nLuis Eduardo\n\n\u201cThe economics of transnational living.\u201d\nInternational Migration Review\n2003\n37\n3\n666\n699"},{"key":"bibr22","series-title":"Transnational Connections","author":"Hannerz","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hannerz\nUlf\n\nTransnational Connections\n1996\nLondon\nRoutledge"},{"key":"bibr23","series-title":"Angola from Stalinism to Petro-Diamond Capitalism","author":"Hodges","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hodges\nTony\n\nAngola from Stalinism to Petro-Diamond Capitalism\n2001\nLondon\nJames Currey"},{"key":"bibr24","series-title":"Angola: Anatomy of an Oil State","author":"Hodges","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hodges\nTony\n\nAngola: Anatomy of an Oil State\n2003\nOxford\nJames Currey and Bloomington"},{"key":"bibr25","series-title":"Economia Pol\u00edtica e Desenvolvimento em Angola","first-page":"87","article-title":"\u201cFundamentos Econ\u00f3micos do Estado Patrominial.\u201d","author":"Hodges","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hodges\nTony\n\n\nVidal\nNuno\nPinto de Andrade\nJustino\n\n\u201cFundamentos Econ\u00f3micos do Estado Patrominial.\u201d\n Economia Pol\u00edtica e Desenvolvimento em Angola\n2011\nAngola\/Portugal\nMedia XXI\n87\n112"},{"key":"bibr26","series-title":"Revista Migra\u00e7\u00f5es","first-page":"33","article-title":"\u201cPost-colonial migration and citizenship regimes: a comparison of Portugal and the United Kingdom.\u201d","volume":"4","author":"Horta","year":"2009","unstructured":"Horta\nAna\nWhite\nPaul\n\n\u201cPost-colonial migration and citizenship regimes: a comparison of Portugal and the United Kingdom.\u201d\nRevista Migra\u00e7\u00f5es\n2009\n4\n33\n57"},{"key":"bibr27","series-title":"The Anthropology of Globalization","author":"Inda","year":"2002","unstructured":"Inda\nJonathan Xavier\nRosaldo\nRenato\n\nThe Anthropology of Globalization\n2002\nOxford\nBlackwell"},{"key":"bibr28","series-title":"Toward Assimilation and Citizenship Immigrants in Liberal Nation-States","author":"Joppke","year":"2003","unstructured":"Joppke\nChristian\nMorawska\nEwa\n\nToward Assimilation and Citizenship Immigrants in Liberal Nation-States\n2003\nBasingstoke, UK\nPalgrave"},{"key":"bibr29","series-title":"Culture, Transnationalism, and Civil Society: Aga Khan Social Service Initiatives in Tanzania.","author":"Kaiser","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kaiser\nPaul J.\n\nCulture, Transnationalism, and Civil Society: Aga Khan Social Service Initiatives in Tanzania.\n1996\nWestport, Connecticut\nPraeger Publishers"},{"key":"bibr30","series-title":"(Dis)placing Khojahs: forging identities, revitalizing Islam, and crafting global Ismailism","author":"Kassam-Remtulla","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kassam-Remtulla\nAly\n\n(Dis)placing Khojahs: forging identities, revitalizing Islam, and crafting global Ismailism\n1999\nDepartment of Anthropology: Stanford University\nUnpublished"},{"key":"bibr31","series-title":"Comparing Postcolonial Diasporas","author":"Keown","year":"2009","unstructured":"Keown\nMichelle\nMurphy\nDavid\nProcter\nJames\n\nComparing Postcolonial Diasporas\n2009\nLondon\/New York\nPalgrave\/Macmillan"},{"key":"bibr32","series-title":"The Transnational Villagers","author":"Levitt","year":"2001","unstructured":"Levitt\nPeggy\n\nThe Transnational Villagers\n2001\nBerkeley and Los Angeles\nUniversity of California Press"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr33","series-title":"International Migration Review","first-page":"1002","article-title":"\u201cConceptualizing simultaneity. A transnational social field perspective on society.\u201d","volume":"38","author":"Levitt","year":"2004","unstructured":"Levitt\nPeggy\nSchiller\nNina Glick\n\n\u201cConceptualizing simultaneity. A transnational social field perspective on society.\u201d\nInternational Migration Review\n2004\n38\n3\n1002\n1039"},{"key":"bibr34","series-title":"The Global World of Indian Merchants 1750-1947. Traders of Sind from Bukhara to Panama","author":"Markovits","year":"2000","unstructured":"Markovits\nClaude\n\nThe Global World of Indian Merchants 1750-1947. Traders of Sind from Bukhara to Panama\n2000\nCambridge\nCambridge University Press"},{"key":"bibr35","series-title":"Worlds apart. Modernity through the prism of the global","author":"Miller","year":"1995","unstructured":"Miller\nDaniel\n\nWorlds apart. Modernity through the prism of the global\n1995\nLondon\nRoutledge"},{"key":"bibr36","series-title":"Contemporary and Historical Perspectives on Immigrant Political Incorporation","first-page":"175","article-title":"\u201cImmigrants, Transnationalism and Ethnicization: A comparison of This Great Wave and the Last.\u201d","author":"Morawska","year":"2001","unstructured":"Morawska\nEwa\n\n\nGerstle\nGary\nMollenkopf\nJohn\nPluribus Unum?\nE.\n\n\u201cImmigrants, Transnationalism and Ethnicization: A comparison of This Great Wave and the Last.\u201d\nContemporary and Historical Perspectives on Immigrant Political Incorporation\n2001\nNew York\nRussell Sage Foundation\n175\n212"},{"key":"bibr37","series-title":"The Indians in Uganda","author":"Morris","year":"1969","unstructured":"Morris\nH. S.\n\nThe Indians in Uganda\n1969\nChicago\nUniversity of Chicago Press"},{"key":"bibr38","series-title":"Marchand et Hommes d\u2019affaires asiatiques dans l\u2019oc\u00e9an Indique et la Mer de Chine","first-page":"221","article-title":"\u201cLa pr\u00e9sence isma\u2019ilienne en Afrique de l\u2019est. Note sur l\u2019histoire commerciale et l\u2019organisation communautaire.\u201d","author":"Penrard","year":"1988","unstructured":"Penrard\nJean-Claude\n\n\nLombard\nD.\nAubin\nJ.\n\n\u201cLa pr\u00e9sence isma\u2019ilienne en Afrique de l\u2019est. Note sur l\u2019histoire commerciale et l\u2019organisation communautaire.\u201d\nMarchand et Hommes d\u2019affaires asiatiques dans l\u2019oc\u00e9an Indique et la Mer de Chine\n1988\nParis\nEd. de L\u2019EHESS\n221\n236\n13e-20e si\u00e8cles"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr39","series-title":"Lusotopie","first-page":"125","article-title":"\u201cDisseminated Identities. Musulmans d\u2019origines indopakistanaises en Afrique orientale.\u201d","volume":"XV","author":"Penrard","year":"2008","unstructured":"Penrard\nJean-Claude\n\n\nLeite\nJoana Pereira\nKhouri\nNicole\n\n\u201cDisseminated Identities. Musulmans d\u2019origines indopakistanaises en Afrique orientale.\u201d\nLusotopie\n2008\nXV\n1\nLeyde-Boston\nBrill\n125\n140\nIndians of Mozambique and Eastern Africa\n(also available on line at http:\/\/www.lusotopie.sciencespobordeaux.fr)"},{"key":"bibr40","series-title":"The Economic Sociology of Immigration: Essays on Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship","author":"Portes","year":"1995","unstructured":"Portes\nAlejandro\n\nThe Economic Sociology of Immigration: Essays on Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship\n1995\nNew York\nRussell Sage Foundation"},{"key":"bibr41","series-title":"The Handbook of International Migration: The American Experience","first-page":"21","article-title":"\u201cImmigration Theory for a New Century: Some Problems and Opportunities.\u201d","author":"Portes","year":"1999","unstructured":"Portes\nAlejandro\n\n\nHirschman\nCharles\nKasinitz\nPhilip\nDeWind\nJosh\n\n\u201cImmigration Theory for a New Century: Some Problems and Opportunities.\u201d\nThe Handbook of International Migration: The American Experience\n1999\nNew York\nRussell Sage Foundation\n21\n33"},{"key":"bibr42","series-title":"American Sociological Review","first-page":"278","article-title":"\u201cTransnational Entrepreneurs: An alternative Form of Immigrant Economic Adaptation.\u201d","volume":"67","author":"Portes","year":"2002","unstructured":"Portes\nAlejandro\nHaller\nWilliam\nGuarnizo\nLuis Eduardo\n\n\u201cTransnational Entrepreneurs: An alternative Form of Immigrant Economic Adaptation.\u201d\nAmerican Sociological Review\n2002\n67\n278\n298"},{"key":"bibr43","series-title":"Economia Pol\u00edtica e Desenvolvimento em Angola","first-page":"115","article-title":"\u201cCrescimento Econ\u00f3mico e Desenvolvimento em Angola: Uma An\u00e1lise para o Per\u00edodo 1997-2009\/2010.\u201d","author":"Rocha","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rocha\nAlves\n\n\nVidal\nNuno\nPinto de Andrade\nJustino\n\n\u201cCrescimento Econ\u00f3mico e Desenvolvimento em Angola: Uma An\u00e1lise para o Per\u00edodo 1997-2009\/2010.\u201d\nEconomia Pol\u00edtica e Desenvolvimento em Angola\n2011\nAngola\/Portugal\nMedia XXI\n115\n147"},{"key":"bibr44","series-title":"Through open doors, a view of Asian Cultures in Kenya","author":"Salvadori","year":"1989","unstructured":"Salvadori\nCynthia\n\nThrough open doors, a view of Asian Cultures in Kenya\n1989\nNairobi\nKenway Publications"},{"key":"bibr45","series-title":"We came in Dhows","author":"Salvadori","year":"1996","unstructured":"Salvadori\nCynthia\n\nWe came in Dhows\n1996\nNairobi\nPaperchase Kenya Ltd."},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr46","series-title":"International Migration Review","first-page":"724","article-title":"\u201cDiasporic memberships in historical perspective: Comparative insights from the Mexican and Italian cases.\u201d","volume":"37","author":"Smith","year":"2003","unstructured":"Smith\nRobert Courtney\n\n\u201cDiasporic memberships in historical perspective: Comparative insights from the Mexican and Italian cases.\u201d\nInternational Migration Review\n2003\n37\n3\n724\n759"},{"key":"bibr47","series-title":"Mexican New York: Transnational Lives of New Immigrants","author":"Smith","year":"2006","unstructured":"Smith\nRobert Courtney\n\nMexican New York: Transnational Lives of New Immigrants\n2006\nBerkeley CA\nUniversity of California Press"},{"key":"bibr48","series-title":"The Indigenous Capital and the Asian Question","author":"Sumra","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sumra\nSuleman\n\nThe Indigenous Capital and the Asian Question\n1990\nDar es Salaam\nSIDA Socio-Economic Group Meeting"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr49","series-title":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","first-page":"107","article-title":"\u201cElites and institutions in the Armenian diaspora\u2019s history.\u201d","volume":"9","author":"T\u00f6l\u00f6lyan","year":"2000","unstructured":"T\u00f6l\u00f6lyan\nKachig\n\n\u201cElites and institutions in the Armenian diaspora\u2019s history.\u201d\nDiaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies\n2000\n9\n1\n107\n136"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr50","series-title":"Social Identities: Journal for the Study of Race, Nation and Culture","first-page":"261","article-title":"\u201cComparing Postcolonial Identity Formations: Legacies of Portuguese and British Colonialisms in East Africa.\u201d","volume":"18","author":"Trov\u00e3o","year":"2010","unstructured":"Trov\u00e3o\nSusana\n\n\u201cComparing Postcolonial Identity Formations: Legacies of Portuguese and British Colonialisms in East Africa.\u201d\nSocial Identities: Journal for the Study of Race, Nation and Culture\n2010\n18\n3\n261\n280"},{"key":"bibr51","series-title":"Transnationalism","author":"Vertovec","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vertovec\nSteven\n\nTransnationalism\n2009\nOxford\nRoutledge"},{"key":"bibr52","series-title":"Angola, the Weight of history","first-page":"124","article-title":"\u201cThe Angolan Regime and the Move to Multiparty Politics.\u201d","author":"Vidal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vidal\nNuno\n\n\nChabal\nPatrick\nVidal\nNuno\n\n\u201cThe Angolan Regime and the Move to Multiparty Politics.\u201d\nAngola, the Weight of history\n2007\nLondon\/New York\nHurst & Columbia\n124\n174"},{"key":"bibr53","series-title":"Economia Pol\u00edtica e Desenvolvimento em Angola","author":"Vidal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vidal\nNuno\nPinto de Andrade\nJustino\n\nEconomia Pol\u00edtica e Desenvolvimento em Angola\n2011\nAngola\/Portugal\nMedia XXI"},{"key":"bibr54","article-title":"\u201cThe Relationship Between Socio-Economic Conditions and Fertility Behavior Among Selected Asian Groups in Nairobi.\u201d","author":"Walji","year":"1980","unstructured":"Walji\nParveen\n\n\u201cThe Relationship Between Socio-Economic Conditions and Fertility Behavior Among Selected Asian Groups in Nairobi.\u201d\n1980\nPhD diss., University of Nairobi, Kenya"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr55","series-title":"Progress in Human Geography","first-page":"301","article-title":"\u201cOrganizing the \u2018firm\u2019 in industrial geography I: networks, institutions and regional development.\u201d","volume":"24","author":"Yeung","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yeung\nHenry Wai-Chung\n\n\u201cOrganizing the \u2018firm\u2019 in industrial geography I: networks, institutions and regional development.\u201d\nProgress in Human Geography\n2000\n24\n2\n301\n315"}],"container-title":["African and Asian Studies"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/journals\/aas\/12\/3\/article-p215_3.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aas\/12\/3\/article-p215_3.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aas\/12\/3\/article-p215_3.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T12:18:27Z","timestamp":1731586707000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/journals\/aas\/12\/3\/article-p215_3.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/15692108-12341263","relation":{},"ISSN":["1569-2094","1569-2108"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1569-2094","type":"print"},{"value":"1569-2108","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}