{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T01:18:38Z","timestamp":1741310318398,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sovereign Debt and Private Credit in Portugal","award":["PTDC\/HARHIS\/28809\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/HARHIS\/28809\/2017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["e-Journal Portuguese History"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This paper presents the main findings of a project on Portuguese sovereign credit from 1500 to 1797. After presenting the institutional framework of the main credit instrument <jats:italic>(juro)<\/jats:italic>, we analyse the evolution of the interest rates, debt stocks, and debt-to- <jats:sc>GDP<\/jats:sc> and debt-to-revenue ratios, with some international comparisons. We find that, when seen in a comparative mirror, the Portuguese sovereign credit had some outstanding features: despite the sound credibility of the debt instrument used <jats:italic>(juro)<\/jats:italic> and low interest rates, debt stocks and levels were comparatively moderate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1163\/16456432-20040019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T10:14:40Z","timestamp":1723544080000},"page":"5-28","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Different Indeed: Portuguese Sovereign Debt from 1500 to 1796"],"prefix":"10.1163","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8867-3036","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Leonor Freire","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lisbon School of Economic and Management, Univ Lisboa, CSG\/GHES \u2013 Research Centre in Economic and Social History at the Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2796-374X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio Castro","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lisbon School of Economic and Management, Univ Lisboa, CSG\/GHES \u2013 Research Centre in Economic and Social History at the Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"series-title":"Oferta y Demanda de Deuda P\u00fablica En Castilla: Juros de Alcabalas (1540\u20131740)","author":"\u00c1lvarez Nogal, Carlos","key":"R000001","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez Nogal, Carlos. Oferta y Demanda de Deuda P\u00fablica En Castilla: Juros de Alcabalas (1540\u20131740) (Madrid: Banco de Espa\u00f1a, 2009)."},{"issue":"no 1","key":"R000002","series-title":"The Economic History Review","first-page":"192","article-title":"Debt Policy Under Constraints: Philip II, the Cortes, and the Genoese Bankers","volume":"67","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Nogal, Carlos","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez-Nogal, Carlos, and Christophe Chamley. \u2018Debt Policy Under Constraints: Philip II, the Cortes, and the Genoese Bankers\u2019, The Economic History Review 67, no 1 (2014), 192\u2013213."},{"series-title":"Globalisation in the Early Modern Period: The Economic Relationship Between Amsterdam and Lisbon, 1640\u20131705","author":"Antunes, C\u00e1tia","key":"R000003","unstructured":"Antunes, C\u00e1tia. 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