{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T12:15:07Z","timestamp":1772885707121,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"OpenEdition","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["lusotopie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article is based on ethnographic fieldwork carried out among Bengali Muslims in Lisbon. It specifically examines a ceremony, called milad that is performed on certain occasions such as the opening of a shop or the inauguration of a house. What it is intended to argue is that milads are a good metaphor to understand current debates among the Bengalis about what Islam \u201cshould be\u201d and what, as a Muslim, one should do. Based on this ethnographic exercise, it is argued that the modernization rhetoric on social change and transformations in religious practices and religiosity, that is currently prominent in migration and religion studies should be substituted by a phenomenology of Islam in the context of migration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1163\/17683084-01401013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]],"date-time":"2018-11-29T13:43:54Z","timestamp":1543499034000},"page":"255-270","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["\u201cMaulana Says The Prophet is Human, Not God\u201d"],"prefix":"10.4000","volume":"XIV(1)","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5993-9029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Mapril","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"2399","reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.an.18.100189.001411"},{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Ahmed,\u00a0R.\u00a01981, The Bengal Muslims 1871-1906: A quest for identity, New Dehli, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u00a01988, \u201cConflict and contradiction in Bengali Islam: Problems of change and adjustment\u201d, in K.\u00a0Ewing, ed., Shari'at and Ambiguity in South Asian Islam, Berkeley, University of California Press: 114-142."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2644499"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5250\/quiparle.17.2.1"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"\u00c1vila,\u00a0P. &amp; Alves,\u00a0M.\u00a01993, \u201cDa \u00cdndia a Portugal: traject\u00f3rias sociais e estrat\u00e9gias colectivas dos comerciantes indianos\u201d, Sociologia \u2013\u00a0Problemas e Pr\u00e1ticas, 13: 115-133."},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Banu,\u00a0R.\u00a01992, Islam in Bangladesh, Leiden, Brill."},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Bastos,\u00a0C.\u00a02004, \u201cLisboa, s\u00e9culo xxi: uma p\u00f3s-metr\u00f3pole nos tr\u00e2nsitos mundiais\u201d, in J.\u00a0Pais &amp; L.\u00a0Blass, (eds.), Tribos Urbanas: Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Art\u00edstica e Identidades, Lisbon, Imprensa de Ci\u00eancias Sociais: 195-224."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203906637"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691221588"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Dasseto,\u00a0F.\u00a01988, \u201cThe Tabligh Organization in Belgium\u201d, in T.\u00a0Gerholm &amp; Y.\u00a0Lithman, eds, The New Islamic Presence in Western Europe, London\u2013New\u00a0York, Mansell Publishing Limited: 159-173."},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Eickelman,\u00a0D.\u00a01976, Morrocan Islam: Tradition and Society in a Pilgrimage Center, Austin, University of Texas Press."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u00a01982, \u201cThe study of Islam in local contexts\u201d, Contributions to Asian Studies, 17: 1-18.","DOI":"10.1163\/9789004643833_004"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Ellickson,\u00a0J.\u00a01972, A Believer among Believers: The Religious Beliefs, Practices, and Meanings in a Village in Bangladesh, Ph.D. thesis, Michigan State University."},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u00a02002, \u201cLocal Saints vs. Contemporary Reformer: Religious trends in Bangladesh\u201d, in S.M. Nurul Alam, ed., Contemporary Anthropology: Theory and Practice, Dhaka, The University Press."},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"Ewing,\u00a0K.,\u00a0ed.\u00a01988, Shari'at and Ambiguity in South Asian Islam, Berkeley, California University Press."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691196282"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Garbin,\u00a0D.\u00a02004, Migrations, Territoires Diasporiques et Politiques Identitaires: Bengalis musulmans entre \u201cBanglatown\u201d et Sylhet, th\u00e8se de doctorat, Tours, Universit\u00e9 Fran\u00e7ois Rabelais."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gardner,\u00a0K.\u00a01995, Global Migrants, Local Lives: Travel and transformation in rural Bangladesh, Oxford, Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198279198.001.0001"},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"Geertz,\u00a0C.\u00a01978, \u201cInternal Conversion in Contemporary Bali\u201d, in C.\u00a0Geertz, ed., The Interpretation of Culture, New York, Basic Books: 170-192."},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Gilsenan,\u00a0M.\u00a01982, Recognizing Islam: Religion and Society in the Modern Arab World, New York, Pantheon Books."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2758132"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.an.15.100186.001555"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"Launay,\u00a0R.\u00a01992, Beyond the Stream: Islam and Society in a West African Town, Berkeley, University of California Press."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400839919"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203453155"},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"Malheiros,\u00a0J.\u00a01996, Imigrantes na Regi\u00e3o de Lisboa: Os Anos da Mudan\u00e7a, Lisbon, Colibri."},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"Mapril,\u00a0J.\u00a02001, \u201cDe Wenzhou ao Martim Moniz: Pr\u00e1ticas diasporicas e (re)negocia\u00e7\u00e3o identit\u00e1ria do local\u201d, Ethnologia (Lisbon), 12-14: 253-294."},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u00a02004, \u201cBangla Masdjid: Isl\u00e3o e bengalidade entre os bangladeshianos em Lisboa\u201d, An\u00e1lise Social (Lisbon),\u00a0173: 851-873."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400856107"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520322332"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u2011\u00a01996, Making Muslim Space in North America and in Europe, Berkeley, University of California Press."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4000\/books.editionscnrs.2584"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qureshi,\u00a0R.\u00a01996, \u201cTranscending space: recitation and community among South Asian Muslims in Canada\u201d, in B.D.\u00a0Metcalf, ed., Making Muslim Space in North America and Europe, Berkeley, University of California Press.","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520917439-006"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Robinson,\u00a0F.\u00a01988, Varieties of South Asian Islam, Coventry, University of Warwick, (\u201cResearch Papers in Ethnic Relations\u201d)."},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"Roff,\u00a0W.R., ed.\u00a01987, Islam and the political economy of meaning : comparative studies of Muslim discourse, London, Croom Helm, 295 p."},{"key":"ref36","unstructured":"Schiffauer,\u00a0W.\u00a01988, \u201cMigration and Religiousness\u201d, in T.\u00a0Gerholm &amp; Y.\u00a0Lithman, eds, The New Islamic Presence in Western Europe, London\u2013New York, Mansell Publishing Limited: 146-158."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4000\/books.etnograficapress.1146"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Starret,\u00a0G.\u00a01997, \u201cThe Anthropology of Islam\u201d, in S.\u00a0Glazier, ed., Anthropology of religion, London, Greenwood Press: 279-304."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2802964"},{"key":"ref40","unstructured":"Thorp,\u00a0J.\u00a01978, Masters if the Earth: Conceptions of Power among Muslims of Rural , Bangladesh, Ph.D. thesis, Illinois, The University of Chicago."},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"Watson,\u00a0J.\u00a01975, Emigration and the Chinese Lineage: The Mans in Hong Kong and , London, Berkeley, University of California Press."},{"key":"ref42","unstructured":"Werbner,\u00a0P.\u00a02003, Pilgrims of Love: An Ethnography of a Global Sufi Cult, London, Hurst &amp; C\u00b0."}],"container-title":["Lusotopie"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/journals\/luso\/14\/1\/article-p255_13.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/luso\/14\/1\/article-p255_13.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T16:49:22Z","timestamp":1772815762000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.openedition.org\/lusotopie\/1122"},"secondary":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/journals\/luso\/14\/1\/article-p255_13.xml","label":"SECONDARY_BRILL"}]},"subtitle":["Milads and hierarchies among Bengali Muslims in Lisbon"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"references-count":43,"aliases":["10.1163\/176830807781450672"],"issue-title":["Islam en lusophonie"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/17683084-01401013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1257-0273","1768-3084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1257-0273","type":"print"},{"value":"1768-3084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007]]}}}