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Diltiazem decreased systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures without changes in cardiac output and in filling pressures of the heart, and with a slowing of heart rate. Pulmonary vascular resistances decreased from 401 \u00b1 59 to 329 \u00b1 58 dyne\u00b7s\u00b7cm\u22125\u00b7m2 (mean \u00b1 SEM), p &amp;lt; 0.01. Arterial PO2 decreased from 87 \u00b1 10 to 80 \u00b1 11 mm Hg (p &amp;lt; 0.02) without changes in arterial PCO2, mixed venous PO2, and O2 consumption. Lung compliance and airway resistances did not change. Diltiazem increased true shunt from 23 \u00b1 5 to 30 \u00b1 7% of total blood flow (p &amp;lt; 0.02) without other modification in the pattern of ( \u00a0a\/) distribution as measured by the multiple inert gas elimination technique. These results suggest that pulmonary vascular tone contributes to the maintenance of \u00a0a\/ matching in patients with ARDS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/136.5.1232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,20]],"date-time":"2011-07-20T05:39:36Z","timestamp":1311140376000},"page":"1232-1236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Pulmonary Vascular Tone Improves Pulmonary Gas Exchange in the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Melot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Naeije","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Mols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Hallemans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Lejeune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Jaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1987,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_5","first-page":"241","year":"1985","journal-title":"Marcel Dekker"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(81)90199-5"},{"key":"p_14","unstructured":"monary hypertension. 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