{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T07:54:40Z","timestamp":1774857280178,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1988,1,1]],"date-time":"1988-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":567993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Trimellitic anhydride (TMA) is a chemical intermediate that has been shown to cause immunologically mediated respiratory syndromes in humans. We developed a rat model in which lung lesions accompanied by TMA-specific antibody resembled effects seen in humans. Two sets of experiments were undertaken to determine if TMA lung injury was primarily controlled by the immune system. Experiment 1: Rats were exposed to 95 \u00b5g\/m3 of TMA 6 h\/day, 5 days\/wk for 2 wk during which time they received daily injections of either the immunosuppressant cyclophosphamide or saline. The TMA-exposed\/saline control rats exhibited the usual TMA-induced lung lesions accompanied by TMA-specific antibody. However, the TMA-exposed\/cyclophosphamide rats showed no lesions and no antibody. The spleen cells from all rats were subjected to lymphocyte blastogenesis assays using T- and B-cell mitogens. Results confirmed that cyclophosphamide-treated rats showed very little if any blastogenic response, whereas saline-treated rats gave the normal immune response. Thus, cyclophosphamide eliminated T- and B-cell function, which in turn prevented the occurrence of TMA lesions. Experiment 2: An initial passive transfer experiment showed that serum from TMA-sensitized rats could be adoptively transferred into naive recipient rats, which when given a single TMA inhalation challenge exhibited TMA-induced lesions. Similar attempts to transfer spleen cells or spleen cells plus serum did not predispose recipients for lesions. A second modified passive transfer of sensitized serum using a larger number of recipient rats, followed by a TMA challenge, resulted in lesions in 14 of the 16 rats. These results indicated that serum from TMA-sensitized rats could produce lesions in naive recipients given a single challenge of TMA. Thus, the presence of sensitized serum and a single TMA inhalation challenge appeared to be necessary and sufficient conditions for the induction of TMA lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/137.1.186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,23]],"date-time":"2011-07-23T00:36:23Z","timestamp":1311381383000},"page":"186-190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evidence of Immunologic Control of Lung Injury Induced by Trimellitic Anhydride"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Chester L.","family":"Leach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nabil S.","family":"Hatoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen V.","family":"Ratajczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. Raymond","family":"Zeiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Garvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-98-1-8","volume":"98","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"p_7","first-page":"188","volume":"68","year":"1981","journal-title":"Immunol"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(82)90195-6"},{"key":"p_15","unstructured":"assay studies. 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