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The responses of controls were lower in the females (\u22120.63 \u00b1 0.07 L\/min\/% SaO2) than the males (\u22121.11 \u00b1 0.18 L\/min\/%SaO2). Alcohol depressed the male response to a mean of \u22120.50 \u00b1 0.08 L\/min\/%SaO2(p &amp;lt; 0.01) but increased the mean female response to 20.87 \u00b1 0.11 L\/min\/%SaO2 (p &amp;lt; 0.01). Naloxone reversed the ethanol-induced depression of the hypercapnic hypoxic response in males, but had no effect on the female response. In males there was a direct correlation between the magnitude of the initial hypoxic response and the extent of depression by ethanol; the higher the response the greater the depression. Females showed a significant direct correlation between the blood alcohol and the increase in hypercapnic hypoxic slope, whereas males showed a weaker inverse correlation to blood alcohol level. These results demonstrate that ethanol depresses male but not female hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness and suggest that this is mediated by opioid-like mechanisms. Because the alcohol-induced depression was seen in subjects with a high control hypoxic response, the male-female difference might simply reflect initially lower control responses in females. This suggests a qualitative difference in hypoxic ventilatory control mechanisms between sexes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/137.6.1406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T16:56:19Z","timestamp":1365094579000},"page":"1406-1410","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Ethanol-induced Depression of Hypoxic Drive and Reversal by Naloxone-A Sex Difference"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Vincent B.","family":"Mccauley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald R.","family":"Grunstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colin 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