{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T06:32:08Z","timestamp":1774679528772,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,1]],"date-time":"1994-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":762480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study was designed to determine the effect of TNF-alpha and pentoxifylline (PTXF) on surfactant synthesis by isolated human type II pneumocytes. In order to isolate the pneumocytes, lungs obtained from both previously healthy multiple organ donors (n = 11) and patients who underwent surgical excision for lung cancer (n = 8) were used. Surfactant synthesis was measured by the incorporation of labeled glucose into the two most important phospholipid components of surfactant: phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylglycerol (PGL). The pneumocytes of the donor group showed a greater degree of PC synthesis than those from the cancer group (3.44 +\/- 0.19 versus 2.15 +\/- 01.5 pmol\/micrograms protein, p &amp;lt; 0.001). The synthesis of PC by pneumocytes in both the donor (1.13 +\/- 0.19 versus 3.44 +\/- 0.19 pmol\/micrograms protein, p &amp;lt; 0.01) and cancer (0.99 +\/- 0.11 versus 2.15 +\/- 0.15 pmol\/micrograms protein, p &amp;lt; 0.01) groups was decreased by TNF-alpha (100 ng\/ml). This effect was blocked by PTXF (100 micrograms\/ml), a substance that also increased PC production in the control-group pneumocytes from cancer patients, the final PC levels being similar to those of the donors in the absence of TNF-alpha. These results suggest that one of the mechanisms of TNF-alpha participation in the pathophysiology of ARDS is inhibition of surfactant synthesis, and support the hypothesis of in vivo production of TNF-alpha in lung-cancer patients, with subsequent chronic exposure of the lung epithelial cells to this cytokine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.3.8118639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T17:51:32Z","timestamp":1365097892000},"page":"699-706","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effect Of Pentoxifylline On The Inhibition Of Surfactant Synthesis Induced By Tnf-Alpha In Human Type Ii Pneumocytes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"J L","family":"Balibrea-Cantero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery (Hospital Universitario San Carlos), Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Arias-Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery (Hospital Universitario San Carlos), Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery (Hospital Universitario San Carlos), Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Torres-Melero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery (Hospital Universitario San Carlos), Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery (Hospital Universitario San Carlos), Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J M","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery (Hospital Universitario San Carlos), Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Vara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery (Hospital Universitario San Carlos), Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,1]]},"container-title":["American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/149\/3\/699\/67608729\/ajrccm_149_3_699.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/149\/3\/699\/67608729\/ajrccm_149_3_699.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T04:47:43Z","timestamp":1774673263000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/149\/3\/699\/8551766"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/ajrccm.149.3.8118639","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,1]]}}}