{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T09:54:43Z","timestamp":1790934883153,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]],"date-time":"1996-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":823132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We characterized the nasal contribution to exhaled nitric oxide (NO) at rest and during breathholding in humans. Exhaled NO was greater during nose breathing (141 +\/- 17 nl\/min\/M2, mean +\/- SEM) compared with mouth breathing (68 +\/- 6 nl\/min\/M2, n = 8, p &amp;lt; 0.001). After voluntary closure of the soft palate (VCSP) to eliminate nasal NO, exhaled NO from the mouth decreased further (30 +\/- 4 nl\/min\/M2, p &amp;lt; 0.001). Release of NO into nasal passages during VCSP (217 +\/- 19 nl\/min\/M2) was greater than exhaled NO during nasal breathing (141 +\/- 17 nl\/min\/m2, p &amp;lt; 0.001), suggesting that nasal NO is taken up by the respiratory tract. During mouth breathing or nose breathing, NO concentrations sampled with a bronchoscope were higher in the nasopharynx than at the epiglottis or in the trachea in five subjects. Increased peak exhaled NO after a breathhold (33 +\/- 7 ppb) was reduced (10 +\/- 4 ppb, p &amp;lt; 0.001) after balloon occlusion of the nasopharynx. NO concentration during breathholding increased to a greater extent in the nasopharynx than in the pharynx or trachea. We conclude that the majority of exhaled NO at rest and during a breathhold originates in the nasopharynx.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.2.8564139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T17:53:58Z","timestamp":1365098038000},"page":"829-836","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Nasal Contribution to Exhaled Nitric Oxide at Rest and During Breathholding in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"B","family":"Kimberly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service, Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Oregon 97201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Nejadnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service, Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Oregon 97201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G D","family":"Giraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service, Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Oregon 97201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W E","family":"Holden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service, Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Oregon 97201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]},"container-title":["American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/153\/2\/829\/67616738\/ajrccm_153_2_829.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/153\/2\/829\/67616738\/ajrccm_153_2_829.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T07:17:05Z","timestamp":1774682225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/153\/2\/829\/8552775"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/ajrccm.153.2.8564139","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]}}}