{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T11:32:48Z","timestamp":1790854368397,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]],"date-time":"2001-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":996624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ventilator-induced lung injury increases proinflammatory cytokines in the adult lung. We asked if positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) affects proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in the preterm lung. Preterm lambs at 129 \u00b1 3 d gestation were treated with 100 mg\/kg recombinant human surfactant protein-C surfactant and ventilated for 2 or 7 h with 0, 4, or 7 cm H2O of PEEP. Unventilated fetal lambs were used as controls. Within 2 h of ventilation, alveolar total protein and activated neutrophils were increased and expression of mRNAs for the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1 \u03b2, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor- \u03b1 (TNF- \u03b1) was increased in lung tissue of all ventilated animals relative to unventilated controls. Alveolar protein and neutrophils were higher for 0 and 7 PEEP animals than 4 PEEP animals. IL-1 \u03b2, IL-6, and IL-8 mRNAs were significantly elevated in animals ventilated with 0 PEEP compared with 4 PEEP. The percentage fractional area of collapsed alveoli was significantly higher for 0 PEEP compared with 4 and 7 PEEP groups. Mechanical ventilation increased the expression of proinflammatory mediators in surfactant-treated preterm lungs and the use of 4 PEEP minimized this response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.3.2010127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T14:49:24Z","timestamp":1365086964000},"page":"494-498","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Effects of Ventilation with Different Positive End-expiratory Pressures on Cytokine Expression in the Preterm Lamb Lung"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"APURWA S.","family":"NAIK","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SUHAS G.","family":"KALLAPUR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati, 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