{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T02:53:00Z","timestamp":1794538380069,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,1]],"date-time":"2001-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":999302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We tested whether increased concentrations of the acute-phase reactant fibrinogen correlate with pulmonary function and rate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) hospitalization. We measured plasma fibrinogen and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and assessed prospectively COPD hospitalizations in 8,955 adults from the Danish general population. Smokers with plasma fibrinogen in the upper and middle tertile (&amp;gt; 3.3 and 2.7\u20133.3 g\/L) had 7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5\u20138%) and 2% (0\u20133%) lower percentage predicted FEV1 than smokers with fibrinogen in the lower tertile (&amp;lt; 2.7 g\/L). The equivalent decreases in nonsmokers were 6% (4\u20137%) and 0% (\u2212 1\u20132%), respectively. Individuals with plasma fibrinogen in the upper and middle tertile had COPD hospitalization rates of 93 and 60 compared with 52 per 10,000 person-years in individuals with fibrinogen in the lower tertile (log-rank: p &amp;lt; 0.001 and p = 0.31). After adjusting for age, body mass index, sex, pack-years, and recent respiratory infections, relative risks for COPD hospitalization were 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1\u20132.6) and 1.4 (0.9\u20132.1) in individuals with fibrinogen in the upper and middle versus lower tertile. In conclusion, elevated plasma fibrinogen was associated with reduced FEV1 and increased risk of COPD. This could not be explained by smoking alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.6.2010067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T14:50:15Z","timestamp":1365087015000},"page":"1008-1011","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":178,"title":["Elevated Plasma Fibrinogen Associated with Reduced Pulmonary Function and Increased Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"MORTEN","family":"DAHL","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Copenhagen University Hospitals, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hvidovre University Hospital; and The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ANNE","family":"TYBJ\u0152RG-HANSEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Copenhagen University Hospitals, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hvidovre University Hospital; and The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00d8RGEN","family":"VESTBO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Copenhagen University Hospitals, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hvidovre University Hospital; and The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PETER","family":"LANGE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Copenhagen University Hospitals, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hvidovre University Hospital; and The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00d8RGE G.","family":"NORDESTGAARD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Copenhagen University Hospitals, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hvidovre University Hospital; and The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032708060797700_B1"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B2"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303s","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.5_suppl_1.303S-a","article-title":"Oxidants\/antioxidants and COPD.","volume":"117","author":"MacNee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1038\/82763","article-title":"IL-6 switches the differentiation of monocytes from dendritic cells to macrophages.","volume":"1","author":"Chomarat","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.4.2005132","article-title":"Interleukin-6 changes deformability of neutrophils and induces their sequestration in the lung.","volume":"163","author":"Suwa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.3.9906007","article-title":"Increased levels of interleukin-6 are associated with lymphocytosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia.","volume":"162","author":"Park","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1006\/jsre.1998.5295","article-title":"Interleukin-6 augments neutrophil cytotoxic potential via selective enhancement of elastase release.","volume":"76","author":"Johnson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1089\/107999001459114","article-title":"Interleukin-6 and transforming growth factor-beta1 control gene expression of cathepsins b and 1 in human lung epithelial cells.","volume":"21","author":"Gerber","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Interferon Cytokine Res"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30919","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.43.30919","article-title":"Interleukin-6 increases rat metalloproteinase-13 gene expression through stimulation of activator protein 1 transcription factor in cultured fibroblasts.","volume":"274","author":"Solis-Herruzo","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10092139","article-title":"Airway epithelium as an effector of inflammation: molecular regulation of secondary mediators.","volume":"10","author":"Martin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B11"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199902113400607","article-title":"Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation.","volume":"340","author":"Gabay","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B13"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)80476-4","article-title":"Interleukin-6 is the major regulator of acute phase protein synthesis in adult human hepatocytes.","volume":"242","author":"Castell","year":"1989","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B15"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199805283382203","article-title":"Association of mutations in the apolipoprotein b gene with hypercholesterolemia and risk of ischemic heart disease.","volume":"338","author":"Tybj\u00e6rg-Hansen","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)11419-2","article-title":"\u0394F508 heterozygosity in cystic fibrosis and susceptibility to asthma.","volume":"351","author":"Dahl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.04091080","article-title":"Ventilatory function impairment and risk of cardiovascular death and fatal or non- fatal myocardial infarction.","volume":"4","author":"Lange","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B19"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(98)00248-2","article-title":"Symptoms of chronic bronchitis, haemostatic factors, and coronary heart disease risk.","volume":"142","author":"Jousilahti","year":"1999","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00027-3","article-title":"The association of chronic cough with the risk of myocardial infarction: the framingham heart study.","volume":"106","author":"Haider","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3109\/02770909609077762","article-title":"Asthma and its association with cardiovascular disease in the elderly.","volume":"33","author":"Enright","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1648868","article-title":"Hypercoagulability state in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"72","author":"Alessandri","year":"1994","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B24"},{"key":"2026032708060797700_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(97)00118-0","article-title":"Regulation of the proteinase inhibitor (SERPIN) gene alpha1-antitrypsin: a paradigm for other SERPINs.","volume":"29","author":"Morgan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/164\/6\/1008\/67583561\/ajrccm_164_6_1008.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/164\/6\/1008\/67583561\/ajrccm_164_6_1008.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T12:06:16Z","timestamp":1774613176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/164\/6\/1008\/8544575"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/ajrccm.164.6.2010067","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]}}}