{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:26:12Z","timestamp":1790234772389,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]],"date-time":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study describes the natural history of atopic and wheezy disorders from birth to adult life in a cohort at risk of atopy. One hundred subjects born in Poole, England, were selected at birth in 1976 on the basis that at least one parent was atopic. Subjects were examined annually in the preschool years, and at the ages of 11 and 22 yr. Skin prick tests and total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) were performed at each visit, and at 11 and 22 yr, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to inhaled histamine was measured. Sixty-three subjects remained on follow-up at 22 yr. The annual prevalence of both wheeze and atopy increased with age. Twenty-five percent of adults showed both wheeze and BHR (asthma). Remission of wheeze was common in subjects younger than 5 yr of age and likely if wheezing occurred on less than two occasions, but wheeze at 11 yr was likely to persist. Sixty percent of the adult subjects with asthma developed sensitivity to common allergens by the age of 2 yr and were showing BHR by mid-childhood. Sensitization to dietary allergens occurred in infancy and waned after early childhood but predicted the early sensitization to inhalant allergens. In conclusion, adults with asthma can begin wheezing at any age but tend to sensitize early and have abnormal airway characteristics by the age of 11 yr.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.165.2.2104032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T14:57:53Z","timestamp":1365087473000},"page":"176-180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":181,"title":["A Birth Cohort Study of Subjects at Risk of Atopy: Twenty-two\u2013year Follow-up of Wheeze and Atopic Status"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Helen L.","family":"Rhodes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Poole Hospital, Poole; Dorset Research and Development Support Unit, Poole Hospital\/Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; and Department of University Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Poole Hospital, Poole; Dorset Research and Development Support Unit, Poole Hospital\/Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; and Department of University Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Sporik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Poole Hospital, Poole; Dorset Research and Development Support Unit, Poole Hospital\/Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; and Department of University Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen T.","family":"Holgate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Poole Hospital, Poole; Dorset Research and Development Support Unit, Poole Hospital\/Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; and Department of University Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy J.","family":"Cogswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Poole Hospital, Poole; Dorset Research and Development Support Unit, Poole Hospital\/Bournemouth University, Bournemouth; and Department of University Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026031623131996500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6831.873","article-title":"Respiratory symptoms and atopy in Aberdeen schoolchildren: evidence from two surveys 25 years apart.","volume":"304","author":"Ninan","year":"1992","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6944.1591","article-title":"Changing prevalence of asthma in Australian children.","volume":"308","author":"Peat","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B3"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B4"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.6.1468","article-title":"Airway responsiveness in childhood as a predictor of the outcome of asthma in adulthood.","volume":"143","author":"Gerritsen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/0954-6111(95)90156-6","article-title":"Extrinsic and intrinsic asthma from childhood to adult age: a 10-year follow-up.","volume":"89","author":"Ulrik","year":"1995","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1177\/014107687907200113","article-title":"Natural history of wheezing in childhood.","volume":"72","author":"Blair","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Roy Soc Med"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6947.90","article-title":"Factors in childhood as predictors of asthma in adult life.","volume":"309","author":"Jenkins","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6947.95","article-title":"Outcome of childhood asthma in mid-adult life.","volume":"309","author":"Oswald","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7040.1195","article-title":"Incidence and prognosis of asthma and wheezing illness from early childhood to age 33 in a national British cohort.","volume":"312","author":"Strachan","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199501193320301","article-title":"Asthma and wheezing in the first six years of life.","volume":"332","author":"Martinez","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.60.8.727","article-title":"Development of IgE and IgG antibodies to food and inhalant allergens in children at risk of allergic disease.","volume":"60","author":"Rowntree","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B13","first-page":"431","article-title":"Natural history of IgE antibodies in children at risk for atopy.","volume":"74","author":"Bruno","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Allergy"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70164-2","article-title":"The prevalence of and risk factors for atopy in early childhood: a whole population birth cohort study.","volume":"101","author":"Tariq","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(94)90184-8","article-title":"Appearance of atopic disease in relation to serum IgE antibodies in children followed from birth for 4 to 15 years.","volume":"94","author":"Sigurs","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70195-8","article-title":"Natural course of sensitisation to food and inhalant allergens during the first 6 years of life.","volume":"103","author":"Kulig","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.66.9.1050","article-title":"Natural history of asthma in childhood\u2014a birth cohort study.","volume":"66","author":"Sporik","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199008233230802","article-title":"Exposure to house-dust mite allergen (DerP1) and the development of asthma in childhood.","volume":"323","author":"Sporik","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.62.4.338","article-title":"Parental smoking, breast feeding and respiratory infection in the development of allergic diseases.","volume":"62","author":"Cogswell","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.284.6321.1011","article-title":"Respiratory infections in the first year of life in children at risk of developing atopy.","volume":"284","author":"Cogswell","year":"1982","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.38.10.760","article-title":"Rapid method for measurement of bronchial responsiveness.","volume":"38","author":"Yan","year":"1983","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.53.11.984","article-title":"Methodology of bronchial responsiveness.","volume":"53","author":"Chinn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.6.8520749","article-title":"The natural history of respiratory symptoms in preschool children.","volume":"152","author":"Brooke","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1998.00371.x","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis in infancy predicts allergic airway disease at 5 years.","volume":"28","author":"Bergmann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(97)70048-4","article-title":"The distribution of total and specific serum IgE in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey.","volume":"99","author":"Burney","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.2.312","article-title":"Initial airway function is a risk factor for recurrent wheezing respiratory illnesses during the first three years of life.","volume":"143","author":"Martinez","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.64.8.1194","article-title":"Wheezy bronchitis revisited.","volume":"64","author":"Wilson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6947.72","article-title":"Growing up with asthma.","volume":"309","author":"Sears","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.155.4.9105079","article-title":"Alternaria as a major allergen for asthma in children raised in a desert environment.","volume":"155","author":"Halonen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(97)70021-6","article-title":"Sensitisation to hen's egg at the age of twelve months is predictive for allergic sensitisation to common indoor and outdoor allergens at the age of three years.","volume":"99","author":"Nickel","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026031623131996500_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.64.8.1133","article-title":"Associations between respiratory symptoms, bronchial response to methacholine, and atopy in two age groups of school children.","volume":"64","author":"Clifford","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/165\/2\/176\/67365215\/ajrccm_165_2_176.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/165\/2\/176\/67365215\/ajrccm_165_2_176.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T03:17:48Z","timestamp":1773717468000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/165\/2\/176\/8517289"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/ajrccm.165.2.2104032","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]}}}